SPECIAL GAZETTE EDITION )
compo
YOUR COMPLETE HOME COMPUT& RORIESOURCE
$2.95 TOBER 1990
NEW WAVE APPLIANCE: |
HOME COMPUTERS :
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COMPUTE
OCTOBER 1990
VOLUME 12
e NO. 7 ISSUE 122
G
FEATURES
Mail-Order Maze
MICKEY McLEAN
Learn your way through the mail-
order maze. Shopping by mail can be
convenient and economical, but
check out these tips before you buy.
A Teacher’s Game
Machine
DOROTHY HEMME
While some may call what she does
with her computer work, this school-
teacher says it’s fun to put her 64 to
the test.
G4
G-8
DEPARTMENTS
64/128 View
TOM NETSEL
A funny thing happened to Gazette
on the way to the printer. Find out
exactly what happened to the maga-
zine and what's in store for future
issues.
News & Notes
EDITORS
A call for computer art for the new
“Gazette Gallery.” Check out new
games involving baseball, dinosaurs,
tennis, and more,
Feedback
EDITORS and READERS
Learn about secret color memory on
the 128 and a way to turbocharge
your 64, Letters, tips, help for Plus/4
users, and more.
G-1
G-12
COLUMNS
Machine Language G-16
JIM BUTTERFIELD
Using the curious BIT command.
Examine input/output registers and
do it quickly with this little-used
6502-based command,
D’Iversions
FRED D'IGNAZIO
Much of today’s desktop electronic
equipment is smaller than yesterday's
portables. Machines are getting small-
er, and they're working harder, too.
G-18
ZETTE
SUBSCRIBER
Special Coverage Follows Page 88
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at
Sear -
DIDIER CREMIEUX
a®
EDITION
Beginner Basic
LARRY COTTON
Learn how to create and control a
musical sprite. Place it on a staff and
use it to make music.
Programmer's Page G-22
RANDY THOMPSON
Want to shake up people with your
programming skills? Add an earth-
quake to your programs or cause
screens to fade away. Tips from read-
ers and more.
Auto Proofreader G-24
Check your typing and programming
with this utility.
How To Type In G-40
Instructions for typing in Gazette
Programs,
Typing Aids G-28, 36
Get a free copy of MLX, The Auto
Proofreader, and typing instructions.
TYPE-IN PROGRAMS
Section Pi
MARIUSZ JAKUBOWSKI
Guide your space craft through eight
levels of alien attacks. Shoot anything
that moves or stands in your way if
G-25
you expect to save mankind in this
arcade game for the 64.
Line-Up G-29
R. B. COOK
If you think you're good at playing
solitaire, try your hand at this 64 ver-
sion of the popular card game. You'll
probably turn over some new twists,
Sound Master G-31
HUBERT CROSS
Create and edit your own sound ef-
fects with this joystick-controlled
sound editor for the 64,
Codebusters G-36
MICHAEL SEDLEZKY
Use your robot to decode the locked
vaults that contain the national de-
fense system’s stolen security num-
bers. Recover the numbers before
time runs out, but watch out for the
security guard.
64/128 VIEW
TaOma NE Eps Eeac
funny thing happened to Gazette
on the way to the printer this
month. Actually, it began sever-
al months ago, when COM-
PUTE! Publications’ parent company,
Capital Cities/ABC, decided to divest
itself of its consumer magazine divi-
sion. COMPUTE!, COMPUTE!'s Ga-
zette, COMPUTE!'’s Amiga Resource,
and COMPUTE!’s PC Magazine were
up for sale.
That’s when General Media came
to the rescue. COMPUTE Publica-
tions (without the exclamation point)
now joins the firm that publishes
Omni, Penthouse, Longevity, and
Four Wheeler magazines. With the
buyout, however, came a major
restructuring.
We no longer produce four sepa-
rate products. Instead, we publish one
basic magazine, COMPUTE, with
separate machine-specific editions for
owners of Amigas, PCs, and 64/128s.
In this way, subscribers get the com-
puter-specific infor- 4
mation they’ve come to |
expect plus entertaining
and informative COM-
PUTE features, articles, |
and reviews dealing
with the personal com-
puter world at large.
While the name on
the cover is different, I
think 64 and 128 own-
ers will find that Gazette
has retained its identity.
Look through this issue
and you'll see many of
your favorite columns
and features—and yes,
we still have the type-in
programs for Gazette
subscribers and news-
stand buyers.
There have been
changes, however. For
many years Lance Elko
edited Gazette maga-
zine, and, although he
did an outstanding job,
Lance felt the time had
come for him to pursue
other interests. We wish
DIDIER CREMIEUX
him the best. This issue marks my
debut as editor, and I’ll do my best to
continue with the tradition of excel-
lence that Lance fostered and
maintained.
As for the contents, they have
changed little. “Feedback” and “Let-
ters to the Editor” have been com-
bined into one column, now called
“Feedback.” This is where we'll try to
answer your questions and publish
your suggestions, comments, tips,
quips, and gripes.
To find out what’s new in the 8-
bit world of Commodore, check out
“News & Notes.” Formerly called
“Commodore Clips,” this is where
we'll announce new software and
hardware, the latest facts and rumors
from Commodore, and other items of
interest to 64 and 128 owners.
Returning are many of your fa-
vorite columnists. Larry Cotton’s tu-
torial on BASIC programming and
Jim Butterfield’s machine language
series are both here. Also continuing
are Randy Thompson’s “Program-
mer’s Page” and ‘“‘D’Iversions,” Fred
D'Ignazio’s look at technology.
“The GEOS Column” has been a
semiregular feature, but since many of
its articles are submitted by readers,
we'll need your help if it is to remain.
We do have a few surprises coming up
for GEOS fans, but we still need to
hear from you.
We also want to hear from
BASIC and machine language pro-
grammers. Just as in the past, if you
write original 64 or 128 games, utili-
ties, or productivity programs, keep
those submissions coming. The type-
in programs have always been an inte-
gral part of the Gazette concept, and
we want to continue bringing you the
best in original programs. Of course,
those programs are also available on
the Gazette Disk.
We're also looking for authors to
write articles, features, and reviews. If
a you have expertise in a
certain field and can
communicate that
knowledge, we'd like to
hear from you. We also
need computer artists
(see “News & Notes” in
this section).
We want the Ga-
zette pages to remain a
major resource for 64
and 128 users, but we
need your help. Wheth-
er you're into telecom-
munications, desktop
publishing, graphics,
music, programming,
or game playing, all of
you dedicated 64 and
128 users constitute a
vast wellspring of in-
formation. We want to
tap this wealth of
knowledge and share it
with all our readers.
With your help and sup-
port, we at Gazette will
do our best to meet your
computing needs into
the next decade.
a
COMPUTE G1
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SG
NEWS & NOTES
CALLING
Is there a Rembrandt or van Gogh
inside you, trying to get out? If so,
we want to see your 64/128 master-
pieces. Starting with the November
issue of Gazette Disk, we'll publish
the best examples of original
64/128 art submitted by our read-
ers. Five top entries will appear
each month in the “Gazette Gal-
lery," a new feature found only on
the Gazette Disk.
Send your Doodle, Koala, or
other popular 64/128 paint-program
even more powerful.
—MICKEY McLEAN
as basic or as complex as you desire.
—MICKEY McLEAN
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G2 COMPUTE
S00. 0) 610) @ 0.616.606 56 0 01.616 0.6 016 © ere eve
ALL ARTISTS
pictures to the address below. (No
more than five submissions per disk
per month, please.) We pay $50 for
each piece of art we accept and $100
for the one we judge Picture of the
Month. Enclose a self-addressed,
stamped disk envelope if you want
your disk returned.
Gazette Gallery
COMPUTE Publications
324 W. Wendover Ave.
Greensboro, NC 27408
CD
War Strategy
Strategic Simulations (675 Almanor Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94086)
has released War of the Lance ($39.95), the first Advanced Dungeons &
Dragons strategic war game for the Commodore 64. Set in the Dragon-
lance game world, this one- or two-player game requires you to make alli-
ances, conquer nations, and destroy enemy troops.
You command the Whitestone forces of good against the evil High-
lord Dragonarmies. The full campaign lasts for six game years, which
takes 30 turns. You may engage in battles to conquer enemy countries
or try to gain alliances by sending diplomats. Representatives of your ar-
mies can also be sent on quests for magic that will make your forces
A strategic map allows you to track the movements of the different
armies. The zoom function permits you to direct the war on a tighter
scale. You can watch the details of battle by selecting the tactical view.
Own Your Own Stables
Owners of Omni-Play Horse Racing from SportTime Computer Soft-
ware (3187-G Airway Avenue, Costa Mesa, California 92626) can now
expand the playing style and graphics of their game with the Stadle
Owners option module ($19.95). It’s one of several modules scheduled
for release. The modules allow you to customize your game, making it
With Stable Owners, you add a new perspective to the game by
joining the elite class of thoroughbred owners, giving you control over
the destiny of your own horses. Put together your own personal stable
of Claiming, Allowance, and Stakes horses. Hire jockeys and match
their skills against the competition as you enter them into the races of
your choice. Up to four players can participate.
OCTOBER 1990
€ elle). O16) (6) el 4he.ceeke OL ele) ele 6) 016 Sele © 6) 6b 00) 6 (6.16) L600 0 6° 0 60. 0 0 6 6 6:6 OG 0 01616 Ce O10 6 6 6.6 oe 0.68 sete e
O20: 6 ies © 6 a) v0 ©. 6 slele ene 6 6. 0/6)\e) ale elele slenerele 4,016) 6 lelele
Dinosaurs,
Business,
and Tennis
DigiTek Software (8910 North Dale
Mabry, Executive Center, Suite 37,
Tampa, Florida 33614) has an-
nounced three new products for the
64/128: Dinowars, Big Business,
and Tie Break Tennis.
Dinowars ($29.95) is a
combination of a strategy-board
game and an arcade-action adven-
ture. Also included is an animated
encyclopedia and an action-only
mode. Players control any of eight
different dinosaurs, each with its
own strengths and weaknesses, in
combat over a kidnapped dinosaur
egg. The game features massive
dinosaurs that stand as tall as two-
thirds of the screen.
For competition with a more
current flavor, try Big Business
($29.95), a humorous simulation of
a large manufacturing company.
Three players each start with equal
assets and market the same prod-
uct, competing to acquire the great-
est net worth by game’s end. While
some aspects of the game are
strictly entertaining, the core of the
program is an accurate economic
model. Factors such as interest
rates, inflation, market climate,
prices, and availability of raw
materials are calculated.
When you’re ready for a little
exercise, step onto the court for Tie
Break Tennis ($29.95). This realis-
tic tennis simulation puts more
than a dozen techniques at your
disposal: crushing serves, forehand,
backhand, topspin, slice, lob, over-
head play, slam, volley, passing
shots, drop shots, and soft balls.
The game features speech and
sound effects and a TV-style
presentation. Play singles, doubles,
or tournaments on clay, grass, or
asphalt, and even select your choice
of racquets. Compete against a
computer or human opponent.
—TOM NETSEL
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WE INVITE CORPORATE & EDUCATIONAL CUSTOMERS
DISCOUNTS FOR QUANTITY ORDERS
MJO/N/T|GJO|MJEJR|Y| (GJRJAJN)T) =
COMMODORE 128D _
COMMODORE 64C
COMMODORE
64C
TEST PILOT
PACKAGE
*Commodore C-64/C
Computer
“Commodore 1541-II
Disk Drive
-Ace Joystick
5 SOFTWARE
PACKAGES INCLUDES:
‘Advanced Tactical Fighter
Hamer Crary Cas
Infitrator 11
Tomohawk
EEE 1 Joystick
(a $19.95 Value)
C 64
COMMODORE | COMMODORE
Includes:
64C
COMPLETE
PACKAGE
Commodore C-64/C
Computer
+Commodore 1541
Disk Drive
Commodore Color
Printer
-12" Monitor
+10 Diskettes
64C
COLOR
PACKAGE
*Commodore C-64/C
Computer
-Commodore 1541
Disk Drive
- Commodore Color
Printer
-Color Monitor
-10 Diskettes
C-128D w/Built-in
Disk Drive
C= 128= D
128D COMPLETE
PACKAGE
Cominodore 128-D Computer
with Built-in Disk Drive
- Commodore Color Printer
12" Monitor
=
128D DELUXE
PACKAGE
+ Commodore 128D Computer
with Built-in Disk Drive
- Magnavox RGB Color Monitor
- Commodore Color Printer
Z LLLP po
—— 4
COMMODORE 1571 COMMODORE 15411 COMMODORE 1084
DISK DRIVE DISK DRIVE MONITOR
COMMODORE 1581 EXCELLERATOR PLUS COMMODORE 1802
DISK DRIVE FSD-2 DISK DRIVE MONITOR
=
MAGNAVOX 13" RGB) | | MAGNAVOX 13" COLOR
COMMODORE 1750 COMPOSITE COLOR COMPOSITE MONITOR
RAM EXPANSION MONITOR-MODEL 8762 MODEL 8702
WE CAN RECONFIGURE ANY OF OUR COMPUTER
PACKAGES TO YOUR SPECIFICATIONS. CALL FOR DETAILS!
PRINTER SPECIALS
STAR
NX-1000C
NX-1000II.
COMMODORE
NX-1000 Rainbow.. GSX-140...
PERIPHERALS FOR COMMODORE \y..0:0 hace, SSX.
1700 RAM Expansion $119.95 XETECS. Graphix Jr. Interface. $29.95 EPSON COLOR OPTION KIT
1764 Expansion Module. «$129.95 XETECS. Graphix Sr. Interface. $49.95 EX: 81 OF Sa siietistictssvessnerng I 99:90) FOR GSX PRINTER CALL
CARDCO G-WiZ Interface. $49.95 XETEC Supergraphix Gold. $74.95 LQ-510. $319.95 ee Se
C-64/C-64C Power Supply $29.95 XETEC Lt. Kemal 20MB Hard Drives for FX B50 ce ceeeeeeesr $349.95 PANASONIC
C-1670 Modem. $79.95 C-6éC. $729
COMMODORE 1350 Mouse C-12881 $849 BROTHER KXP-1180........ sooo $159.95
(128, 128D only) $16.95 [ Excel ls Power Supply......$39.95 | | HR-580 COLUMN KXP-1191.. $229.95
COMMODORE 1351 Mouse. $49.95 | C-128 Power Supply $79.95) THERMAL PRINTER $59.95 KXP-1124... $289.95
SEE OUR AD IN THIS MONTH'S AMIGA SECTION OF THIS MAGAZINE FOR GREAT AMIGA SPECIAL ‘VALUES
BUYING SOFTWARE
AND HARDWARE BY
MAIL IS EASY, IS
CONVENIENT, AND
CAN SAVE YOU
MONEY. BUT THERE
AIRE SOME TIPS YOU
SHOULD KNOW
BEFORE YOU PLACE
AN ORDER.
G4 COMPUTE
ORCRISORBEESR
MieslanG. IK --E7 *Y,
ecause of our busy lifestyles,
) mail order’s convenience makes
it an attractive alternative to
© driving out to the shopping mall
and fighting for a parking place. Com-
puter users were taking advantage of
mail order long before it was chic to
have Lands’ End and L. L. Bean cata-
logs stacked on your coffee table. It’s
also a good way to save money and lo-
cate hard-to-find items.
If you glance at computer maga-
zines from the past ten years or so,
you'll notice a multitude of compa-
nies selling products with an 800 or-
der number—but much has changed
19) 9:0
MeckLeEAN
over the past decade. Mail order had a
bad name years ago, mainly because
of a number of unscrupulous dealers
who deceived consumers. The U.S.
Postal Service responded by cracking
down on this type of activity, forcing
many unscrupulous dealers out of
business. As a result, the mail-order
business has gained a new respectabil-
ity in recent years.
This doesn’t mean you should
throw caution to the wind, but now
you can order products with confi-
dence and usually receive a guarantee
that you'll be completely satisfied or
get your money refunded.
DIDIER CREMIEUX
Reputation
Before shopping for the software or
hardware you need, seek out a dealer
who best meets your needs.
“Check out the reputation ofa
company,” says Les Lawrence, presi-
dent of Software Support Internation-
al. “Watch the company’s advertise-
ments, and find out how long they’ve
been in business.”
Mark Lane, manager of Software
Discounters of America, agrees, “The
bigger the company, the bigger the ad,
and the longer they’ve been in busi-
ness, the more you know what kind of
commitment they have.”
Other factors to consider are the
type of guarantee offered, the return
policy, how fast products can be deliv-
ered, and the knowledgeability of the
staff. Whether or not a company ac-
cepts your credit card, ships C.O.D.,
offers rush service, or ships to military
or international destinations could
also be important to you.
Friends, co-workers, or fellow
user-group members can be a good
source of information. Ask around
and find out which companies they’ve
had success with.
“Not all companies are alike,”
says Janet Brito, president of Briwall.
“And there are not many left to
choose from in the Commodore
market.”
Lane says that since the 64/128
market’s days are numbered, consum-
ers should look to a company that al-
ready carries multiple formats.
“T carry all formats, therefore I
don’t have to run away from the
Commodore market,” he says. “I'll
stick with it. I’m not sure others will
stick around, but Ill try hard to get all
the new titles I can.”
Price vs. Service
The first thing most consumers look
for in a mail-order ad is the price of
the product and how it compares with
what other mail-order firms or the lo-
cal computer store is offering.
When dealing with mail-order
companies, comparing prices has
added importance. For example, sev-
eral companies will match any current
nationally advertised price on the ex-
act same item less shipping and sales
tax. The only stipulations are that the
product has to have been advertised
recently and you must be able to veri-
fy its price.
Briwall’s Janet Brito believes that
low prices are important but should
not be the most important factor
when you’re choosing between mail-
order companies.
“There are some mail-order com-
panies out there that advertise prod-
ucts at the cheapest price, and that’s
all they'll give you,” she says. “I get
FRIENDLY TIPS
5. Be prepared to pay sal ih
__youreade nie same @ state as =
‘oce: -“Taitorde 4
a Look foré a comp:
Paper oni ed inventory so you can
rr if a product is
= Determine ther a ae
6 te ect poe ip-
S's Make a note of the name of the com-
yr
This list of tips from representatives of
major mail-order houses should help
you get through the ordering pri
with few or no problems.
pay, call the ee
tomer-service or technical-support ee
to call in midweek (Monday an dF ida
are the busiest days for orders),
4. When comparing prices between
companies, be sure to add in all ship-
ping costs and credit card surcharges.
very irritated when people call just to
compare prices. They don’t consider
other factors such as service and sup-
port. They need to be a little less con-
cerned about pricing and think about
how they’re being treated after they’ve
ordered.”
On the other hand, Les Lawrence
believes low prices are the main rea-
son why consumers use mail order
and that they should not expect much
beyond that.
“Customers have to realize we
have cut prices to rock bottom,” he
says. “They shouldn’t always expect
free customer support and 100-per-
cent satisfaction. It’s difficult at the
BE PREPARED
Before placing an order with a mail-
order company, be ready. You can save
yourself and the company a lot of time.
1, Read the company's ad carefully and
take note of its ordering, payment,
shipping, and return policies. If you
have any questions about its policies,
ask before you order.
2. Know which products you want to
order, including any specifications.
3. Write down any questions you have
about your order.
4. If you're paying by credit card, have
your card number, expiration date, and
the name of the cardholder in front of
you.
5. Have the proper shipping address
ready. If a company ships primarily by
UPS, you'll need to provide a street ad-
dress (a post office box number is
unacceptable).
OCTOBER
oe.
=
that has oom
_
pate
pany yo! red from, the date you
pial ed the order, the total price of the
order, and the name of the person who.
~ handled your order.
9. Value good service and after-sale
support more than unit price.
10. If a company has served you well in
the past, stay loyal.
prices we charge. Somebody has to
pay the bill.”
Lawrence also believes that cus-
tomers have a responsibility to re-
search the market well and know what
they want before ordering.
“Customers should go into a pur-
chase with eyes wide open and know
what they’re buying before they buy—
they shouldn’t play games with mail
order.”
Piracy Problems
Software piracy has hurt the computer
industry in more ways than one, and
publishers are not the only ones who
have suffered. The practice of illegally
copying games has put a large dent in
the mail-order trade and has changed
the way some are doing business.
Janet Brito says that she started
noticing people purchasing four or
five games at a time from her compa-
ny and then returning them a few
weeks later. After repeated instances
of this suspicious behavior, the com-
pany decided to change its return
policy.
“We've stopped taking back en-
tertainment titles because of the copy-
ing,” she says.
Brito adds that despite this
change in policy, the company will
consider issuing a refund on an enter-
tainment title if customer has a le-
gitimate beef.
Operators Standing By
After digesting the information in this
article and the reference guide on page
6, you should be able to go to the
mail-order ads in this magazine, make
comparisons, and place an order with
confidence. Who knows? You may
find it so easy that you'll never set
foot in a shopping mall again. p
1990 COMPUTE G5
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continued from page G-5
MAIL-ORDER REFERENCE GUIDE
The following grid lists the services and policies of six of the major mail-order houses in the 64/128 market.
This chart contains information obtained from advertisements and company representatives. It should be used strictly as a ref-
erence. Company policies are subject to change, and there may also be some exceptions to stated rules and regulations. It is recom-
mended that you contact each company to make direct inquiries concerning policies that interest you and will apply to your order.
[ $— Less than $5 $$ — $5-$10 $$$ — $10-$15 + — Plus actual shipping charges
ig rg)
*Yes ONo
BRIWALL VISA : MONTGOMERY GRANT ‘American Express ° |
Service and Support peeuae : Service and Support reas Cae 2)
Sells Software . American Express ° Sells Software ; Credit Card Surcharge °
a : Other Credit Cards 2 ogres : Charges Card Before Shipment 0
Years in Business 5 Credit etd 2 Yeass in Business 23 att 9}
Matches Competitors’ Prices 0 Sane oe SIaRoet ms Matches Compettors’ Prices + Educational Purchase Orders +
Offers Catalog : : Otfers Catalog : Shipping
Customer Service : BELGE Customer Service . ups .
Toll-Free # oO Shipping Toll-Free # ° e $
Technical Support . UPS . Technical Support . UPS 2-Day +
Toll-Free # ° Call? Toll-Free # “ Charge $
Ups 2 . US. Mail :
fee Call* prderiod Charge $
Toll-Free Order # : Tete = Toll-Free Order # * : °
Fax Ordering . z NA Fax Ordering . Overrgt cat
Online Ordering : eae Online Ordering ° poate
Overnight : International Shipping .
Telex Ordering ° Cage on Telex Ordering < coe a
24-Hour Ordering . Inernaboral Stigping a 24-Hour Ordenng ° APO/FPO Stoning .
Payment Call? Payment
Personal Checks 2 ‘APO/FPO Shipping : Personal Checks . All Orders Insured .
Holds Personal Checks ° Cal? Holds Personal Checks .
Cettiied Checks : Al Orders insured > Certified Checks « 1US. and Canada,
Money Orders. . Creda a Money Orders . ? Through CompuServe, GEnie, and Q-Link.
VISA . VISA .
MasterCard 5 ‘Not UPS-shipped orders. MasterCard .
‘American Express ° Computer Direct Credit Card American Express O SOFTWARE SUPPORT
Other Credit Cards ° » Shipping-charges oat i oe ee Other Credit Cards 2 INTERNATIONAL
Credit Card Surcharge ° Canada, Puerto Rico, Islands only. Credit Card Surcharge ° .
Charges Card Before Shipment Monitors shipped only in continental US. Charges Card Before Shioment 0 ee SPH a
CoD. 2 coo. . Sale ewthiee =
Educational Purchase Orders. LYCO COMPUTER Educational Purchase Orders + Reed bolted ce ay 5
Shipping Ganiice'and Support Shipping Competitors’ Prices oO
UPS : petebcl r UPS 9 Offers Catalog .
$s Sells Hardware i Cail Customer Service .
UPS 2-Day ‘ Years in Business 9 UPS 2:Day 2 ey ic
Cary? Ss Matches Competitors’ Prices. = Cal Teg esis a
US. Mall s as Cae 3 US. Mail 0 Tol-Free # °
Charge s Customer Service : Charge a Ordering
Overnight a Toll-Free # ° Dvemight = Toll-Free Order # .
Charge SSS Technical Support : Charge cat Fax Ordering .
International Shipping . Toll-Free # ° International Shipping . Online Ordering °
Charge $S+ Charge Call Telex Ordering °
APO/FPO Shipping . Ordering APO/FPO Shipping + 24-Hour Orderng 3
Charge Toll-Free Order # . Charge Call
All Orders insured . Fax Ordering . International x . Payment
Online Ordering ° All Orders Insured 5 Personal Checks .
* Limited information available on order line. Telex Ordering ° Holds Personal Checks o!
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ACCONDE <7 Broderbund
Carmen and her gang are at
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ar MOR
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CINEMAWARE/SPOTLIGHT
Defender of the Crown. . .
T.V. Sports Football
Dark Side .
Death Bringer
Speedball
Total Eclipse
Inventory 128. . .
COSMI
Chomp!
Top 20 Solid Gold
DATA EAST
ABC Mon Nite Football
Bad Dudes... 5
Batman The Movie
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Pocket Filer *
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G4or 128 .....
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Altered Beast :
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Chessmaster 2100
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Dragon's Lair
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King’s Bounty ....
Loopz.. Nee
Madden Football
Maniac Mansion ........
Mavis Beacon Typing . .-
Might & Magic 1
Might & Magic 2
Night Breed ... .
Panzer Battles
Pipe Dream
Pro Tennis Tour
Project Firestart
Puttys Saga.....
Sentinel Worlds -
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Ski or Die...
Starflight.
Street Rod
Turbo Out Run .
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Vegas Gambler
Zak McKracken
EPYX - ON SALE!
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GAZE T T E commoponre 64/128
DAVID R. STREET
ATEACHER S
GAME MAGHINE
Dig), GRO) or ail
ommodore is a game machine, right? Well,
I don’t play many games, at least not the
joystick, shoot-’em-up variety. I leave those
to my 14-year-old son. When I play “com-
puter,” I like to find and run useful programs
that will expand my creativity and lighten my
work load. That’s a game to me—and it’s fun.
So what can I do with my game machine?
To borrow a cliché from literature: “How do I
love thee? Let me count the ways.” If you’re an
educator or a parent, you might count the ways,
too. As a high school English teacher, I must
grade volumes of paperwork and record those
grades. Of course, I first have to generate the as-
signments so students can submit their papers to
be graded in the first place. From generating
assignments to helping me with dozens of other
classroom tasks, the 128 makes my work a
snap. In fact, handling chores such as these
have become my
favorite comput-
er games.
Although I
started my com-
puter system with
a 64, a 1541 disk
drive, and a com-
posite monitor, I
upgraded several
years ago to a 128,
a 1571, and an
RGB 80-column
Y He 3E
COMMODORE—GAMES—FUN.
THESE THREE WORDS ARE LINKED
IN MANY PEOPLE'S MINDS, BUT
THIS TEXAS TEACHER FINDS HER
128 IS FUN EVEN IF THE GAMES
SHE PLAYS ARE DIFFERENT.
MM E
monitor. I’ll have to admit that the disk drives
are slower than I like, so I also bought a Mach
128 cartridge for greater speed and two-key
loading. That made a big difference.
First, the 80-column mode is ideal for word
processing. Its higher resolution makes it much
easier on my tired old eyes. Also, many word
processors have a preview mode for 80 columns
that doesn’t require scrolling from side to side or
shrinking the text onscreen. My handouts and
tests have to be precise, and I don’t have the time
to print several versions to see exactly what any
change or modification will look like. I like the
convenience of the 80-column screen.
I have several word processing packages, in-
cluding COMPUTE’s SpeedScript 128, GEOS,
and Professional Software’s Fleet System. I use
this last program most often because of its built-
in spelling checker. I also like its flexible page
length, from three-
line mailing labels
to legal-size docu-
ments. Of course, I
have all my tests,
handouts, and
notes on disk, and
this makes insert-
ing, cutting, and
pasting infor-
mation for new
tests and assign-
ments very easy.>
OSC TNORBRE Rate 98 980 COMPUTE
G-9
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9
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8
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Lo
Next is the printer. The right
printer is a must, but with all the
printing chores teachers face, one
printer is not always enough. I have a
great Star SG10 dot-matrix printer
that does a superb job on most any-
thing from near-letter-quality print-
outs to graphics, and its ribbon is
cheap. It prints through carbons, ditto
masters, and NCR paper. In addition,
I also have an old daisywheel Smith-
Corona TP! for times when I need
true letter-quality printouts. Finally, I
own an Okimate 10 for printing in
color. In bold or enhanced mode, the
Okimate will also print on clear trans-
parencies for overhead projectors
when the need arises.
Power User
Now, how about software? That’s the
heart of computing, isn’t it? I don’t do
much programming, but I’m a power
user of what others more gifted than I
can create. After I’ve made an assign-
ment with a good 80-column word
processor or test generator and the
students have turned them in, it’s
time to record their grades with a
spreadsheet.
I have downloaded dozens of
public domain programs from Q-
Link, including gradebooks, All of
these programs have features I use
each six weeks when I’m creating new
roll sheets for temporary grade list-
ings, for progress reports I send to stu-
dents’ homes, and for seating charts.
However, the spreadsheet I particular-
ly like is the Epyx version of Multi-
Plan in both 40 and 80 columns.
I'm required to average grades
every three weeks for all of the students
I teach, including those governed by
the University Interscholastic League
for extracurricular activities. Multi-
Plan does the averaging and helps me
spot potential problems. If grades sud-
denly drop, deficiency reports go out.
These reports help parents and other
teachers become aware of any learning
difficulty a student may have before it
gets out of hand.
I also need averages at the end of
the six-week grading period for report
cards. I can’t see spending time aver-
aging grades for 150 students from
scratch every three weeks on a calcula-
tor—not when my computer averages
and saves it all. It all boils down to
saving time.
There are always students who
forget to do assignments or fail to
make up work when absent. Multi-
Plan allows me to create a spreadsheet
with headings that literally spell out
what the assignment was, what the
grade was, and if it was a daily ora
major grade. I post these grades on the
bulletin board by student ID num-
ber—no names, please! This usually
gets them to make up the missing
work, It’s amazing how quickly stu-
dents want to get something done
when they see how zeros affect their
grade averages.
Also, this method keeps me accu-
rate. If I've goofed on entering a grade
or forgotten to update make-up work,
students are quick to point out my
mistakes. Often, spreadsheet columns
are too wide for the page, so Sideways
from TimeWorks is a great program
for turning the figures 90 degrees so
they'll print on one long sheet of paper.
Most teachers regard the paperwork as-
sociated with the teaching profession as
a chore. But Dorothy Hemme actually
enjoys making assignments, averaging
grades, and writing reports—as long as
she can do them on her 128.
Notice This
In addition to helping with my ad-
ministrative chores, the computer
helps me grab the kids’ attention. We
use Broderbund’s Print Shop and Uni-
son World’s Printmaster for signs
around the room dealing with novels
and characters. I also print individual
signs and have them laminated for
each passing student who is engaged
in an extracurricular activity such as
football, choir, or drill team. These
signs are posted on a wall in a special
area of my classroom.
Banners grab students’ eyes and
draw attention to coming attractions
at school. The Okimate helps with the
artwork. I quit oil painting years ago
when IJ ran out of room at home and
my small kids were into everything,
but now I create pictures with a light
pen and print them with the Okimate.
And how do I reward my stu-
dents for a job well done? I print
blank certificates with Spinnaker’s
Certificate Maker and then run them
off on the school’s photocopy ma-
chine on blue paper—our school
color. I buy the paper by the ream at
an office supply store with my own
money. I fill in the students’ names
and then hand out certificates for
every excellent essay, for those who
make the honor roll, for improve-
ment, and for students who worked
hard on certain projects.
For Excellence
In addition, I send my own newsletter
to the students’ homes. Yes, I am also
into desktop publishing. At appropri-
ate times during the year, I publish a
newsletter for’students and their par-
ents to let them see what we’ve ac-
complished in class. After experi-
menting with Newsroom and Personal
Newsletter, I switched to Paperclip
Publisher from Electronic Arts shortly
after it arrived on the scene. I include
graphics and as many names of stu-
dents achieving excellence as I can
muster. Students and parents tell me
that these newsletters and certificates
wind up on refrigerator doors and are
great for brownie points with parents.
Being the computerphile that I
am, I recently invested in Berkeley
Software’s geoPublish, but only after
buying the 512K geoRam. Again, for
me the irritation of the Commodore is
its lack of speed, not its capabilities.
After experimenting with geoRam, I
know that the cartridge will save me
considerable time, since I won’t have
to wait for text and clip art to load
from disk every few seconds,
IBM? Who Needs It!
A word to IBM PC clone and Mac
users: Sure, more than likely you have
greater memory and greater speed—I
envy those features. Talk of 286s and
386s and what they can do is heady
stuff, and I love Mac graphics, but you
paid more for your system. As an un-
derpaid educator, however, I cannot
afford such things—but I’ve found I
don’t need them.
Commodore garnered the low
end of the computer market early be-
cause most home computer users
could not afford expensive office ma-
chines. Over the years, I’ve spent
quite a few hard-earned dollars for my
machines and peripherals, but it has
always been to upgrade the same ma-
chine. I’ve never felt the need to buy a
new brand.
By now, if you still think the
Commodore is a game machine, per-
haps you’re right. I'll admit I play
with my 128 every night, and I have a
lot of fun with it. While I might not
blast aliens or search for treasure in
monster-infested dungeons, I do get a
kick out of the “games” I play with
my computer. It’s not my fault if
some people insist on calling it work. 5
Dorothy Hemme teaches 11th grade Eng-
lish at Clements High School in the Fort
Bend School District in Sugar Land, Texas.
In 1984, Hemme hooked a 64 to a black-
and-white television and booted her first
word processor. She hasn't touched a
typewriter since.
See us at the Commodore-Amiga Users Fair Booths 15 & 16.
World premiere of RAMLink with Lectures and Demos
Sat. & Sun. September 15 and 16 at the Valley Forge PA Convention Center
Add-on drives forthe CMD HD or any
other SCSI interfaced computer such as the Amiga™, Macintosh™ or IBM™. SD series fj
drives come mounted in our sturdy steel case and include an external power supply
and connecting cable. SD drives also come equipped with an extra SCSI portto allow |
chaining of additional SCSI devices. H
= Increase the performance and compatibility of your LTK by #
using it as an add on drive for the CMD HD. The Lt. Konnector allows you to connect }
the two drives for greater capacity. Avoid losing your investment in the LTK!
+ Supports CMD HD Series Hard Drives and RAMLink.
» 1581 support. Simplified panttion selection.
+ Quick printer output toggle. No more complicated command sequences.
+ Adjustable sector interleave. Increase performance on hard-to-speedup software,
JiffyDOS 64 System- $59.95 JiffyDOS 128 System - $69.95
Each system includes computer Kernal ROM(s) and one drive ROM.
Pease specify computer and drive model numbers and serial numbers when ordering.
Additional Drive ROMS - $29.95 each.
+ Bu two drive file copier. Supports all file types and drive types.
+ REU support. Fully supports Commodore REUs (RAM Expansion Units) under RAMDOS.
+ Enhanced text screen dump. Auto-recognition of uppercase’graphics & lowercase.
+ Redefinable 64-mode function keys. Easily redefine the keys to suit your specific needs.
HD and SD Hard Drives: Continental US: $25.00 per drive (UPS ground), $35.00 (2nd-Day), $45.00 (Next-Day),
‘Canada: $30.00 (Airmail) Foreign: $35.00. COD to U.S. only, requires $50.00 advance
deposit by M.O. and $4.00 add’ charge. Nonrelundatie if relused.
diffyDOS & Lt. Konnector: ‘Add $4.50 per order (UPS ground), $8.50 (2nd-Day Ain, plus $4.00 for APO, FPO, AK.
HI, and Canada, or $14.50 for overseas orders. No additional shipping if ordered with any
hard drive,
Tax: MA residents add 5% sales tax.
Terms: We accept VISA, MasterCard, Money Orders, C.0.D., and personal chacks (allow 3
‘weeks for personal checks to dear),
Now: Prose and specications subjects charge witeut netoe. Geos is « rademark of Bartaly Sofworks, CPIM is a racemart of Digtal Research, Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 a registred raderarts of Commodore Irematond, Amiga sa raderar of Commador-Amiga, Macriineh is a
+ Compatible with GEOS™, CP/M™, BBS programs and most commercial software.
+ FAST - with JiffyDOS, the HD can access PRG, SEQ, REL & USR files FASTER over
jal bus than the parallel interfaced Lt. Kernal.
+3 1/2" SCSI technology allows for quiet reliable operation in a compact case about
the same size as a 1581 drive.
+ High-performance intelligent peripheral equipped with 2 MHz processor, 64K RAM,
16K ROM, two serial ports, parallel port, auxiliary port and SCSI port.
+ Built-in Commodore compatible DOS responds to all 1541, 1571 and 1581
commands, including Block, Memory and Burst commands.
+ Up to 254 partitions in sizes ranging from 256 blocks to 65,280 blocks each.
+ Partitions can emulate 1541, 1571, 1581 drives for compatibility.
+ Built-in real time clock automatically time and date stamps all files.
+ Can be Interfaced with Amiga, IBM - compatible and MacIntosh computers, allowing
you to take it with you when you upgrade.
+ Serial bus interface supports Standard Serial as well as high-performance Fast
Serial and JiffyDOS protocols. Parallel interface for connection to RAMLink.
+ Connects easily to the serial bus without risky hardware hacks. Leaves expansion
port open for use with cartridges, REU's and RAMLink.
+ Easy-to-use utilities included which allow backing up and copying files or whole
partitions to and from 1541, 1571, or 1581 floppy disks.
+ Supports an unlimited number of true MS-DOS style subdirectories which may
share all available blocks within a partition.
+ 30 user buffers allow having up to 10 Relative files open at once. Any file type
{including Relative files) may be over 65,000 blocks long.
+ Pre-installed Q-Link software provides easy access and faster downloading to
America's most popular 64/128 online service.
+ Extemal power supply avoids overheating and wear on computer power supply.
+ Includes standard 25 pin SCSI port and all utilities needed to easily expand the
‘system (up to 4 Gigabytes).
+ Front panel controls for device number swapping, write protect, drive reset and
partition selection.
TheCMDHDoffers compatibility with many popular programs Including:
BBS Productivity
Image CNET 64/128 Word Writer 4.0 The Write Stuff 64/128.
Color 64 Omni 128 Paperclip Ill Vizastar
Vision DragonFire 128 Superbase DataManager
DMBBS & many more CMS Accounting & many more
GEOS And many more...
Recoyizes by Berkeley Softworks for The CMD Hard Drive is compatible with many
GEO: copateaty, Capable of booting —_ other types of software such as: Languages,
GEOS and all applications. Operates Desk Top Publishing, Assemblers, Compilers,
nearly as fast as a RAM Expander. Games, Graphics, Bible search programs, etc.
redemark of Apple Computer, IBM is & rademark of Miwmstonal Business Machines, Lt Karnal a racemark of Xetec he ard Fiscal tormason ine. Conyrgnt Cwatve bicro Despre, 84-90.
Creative Mi
ORDERS O}
ro Designs, Inc., 50 Industrial Dr., P.O. Box 646, East Longmeadow, MA 01028
800-638-3263 (US and Canada) Phone: 413-525-0023 FAX: 41
Circle Reader Service Number 157
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R E AOD ERS
Muddled Math trouble saving the picture afterI draw | CP 140 Dx(6)=-1:DX(7)=-1:DX(8)
The June table of contents lists Mud- | it. When I BSAVE locations 7168- =-1
Jrog Math as a program for the 64, but | 16384, it stores the picture and colors Hy ue By (a) : roy (5) rio (6) 2
the lead-in for the article says it’s for | 0, 1, and 2, but not color 3, I know 0G 176 REM S = SPEED OF THE PE
the 128, The article itself says nothing | there must be a place where it is stored, N
about which machine the program is because several colors for color 3show | HE 186 S=3:FOR I= TO 8:DX(I)=
for. When I run the menu from the up on the monitor. Can you help? DX (I) *S:D¥ (I) =D¥ (I) *S:N
Gazette Disk with my 64, the program | i ER NAN aD C8 190 Hx=160:MY=160:cN=1
isn’t listed, but the program appears Fpaskellue x ccuaoe E Se repay oan sk
: ; AP 206 X=MX/2:Y=MY/2:FOR I=6 T
when I list the directory. When I try to O 3:COLOR I,C(I) :NEXT
load it using the program name, I get In multicolor bitmap graphics, the AK 210 GRAPHIC 4,0:PRINT" {CLR}
an error message. What’s the prob- information for color 3 is stored in "FOR I=1 TO 20:PRINT:N
lem? Is the table of contents or the color memory at 55296. On a 64, Eee
lead-in wrong? Is the disk screwed up? that’s the end of the story. However, Hd aay Se Lip Bod) Ne) elas ake
eRe GStRe the 128 has two separate banks Of | Ra 230 PRINT"+ -{5 SPACES}CHAN
color memory—one for the hi-res GE PEN COLOR"
i] i i FQ 240 PRINT"L LOAD{2 SPACES}C
Siarape-daiaigoones BRR Pabe RERUN multicolor bitmap color 3 and the RUNDE
3 other for normal screen memory. In
compiled the table of contents. o's 7 QP 256 PRINT"S SAVE{2 SPACES}E
: the simple sketch program that fol-
Mudfrog Math is for the 128 as k “ EXIT";
4 s : lows, locations 216 and 1 are ma-
stated in the lead-in, and since the . 5 DM 260 REM MAIN LOOP
henge : 2 nipulated to get at the bitmap color AF 276 T=JOY(2):IF T>6 THEN 31
program is written in BASIC 7.0, it memory. The command POKE 6 f
Rc thelodn Ti guess) our 216,255 turns off the screen inter- | GC 280 REM GET KEY PRESS WHEN
f rupt that generates the split-screen oR JOYSTICK IS STIL
display, while POKE 216,0 turns it
' yr » GX 299 GETAS:IF AS<>"" THEN 38
Ham Aid back on. Memory location I con- 6
Here’s an idea for a new column. It’sa | tains a data direction bit that indi- JH 368 GOTO 276
cross between This Old House and On cates read or write. RC 310 X2=X:Y2=¥
the Road. It could be called This Old The program that follows is for | *® 328 Be Tee aeooan Te
Computer. People would come up the Commodore 128 and requires a aa a a ea ee X=
with ideas and you’d send an expert to | joystick plugged into port 2. Use the X2
give them a hand. f number keys 0-3 to select a pen, | 8Q 350 IF ¥>=MY OR Y<@ THEN Y=
To start it off, I'd like to see some | Move the joystick to draw. Press + x2
programs that help amateur radio or — to change the pen color. Press | Ri 360 DRAM CN*E, X,Y TO X2,¥2
hobbists—perhaps a calculator that C to clear the screen. Select color 0 ae 380 Rea arinen !IF AS="0" OR
gives you the number of turns and or hold down the fire button to {SPACE}A>@ THEN CN=A:GO
wire gauge needed ior a radio-Irequency erase. Press for load ani for TO 270
re gauge needed f dio-frequency Press L for load and S ,
coil. Maybe your expert could whip save. HG 396 IF AS<>"+" THEN 436
up a program that would help me re- The program creates two files, ba aan AME CHILES STERN
ceive teletype or ASCII signals over distinguishable by their filename 16 THEN C(CN)=1
my shortwave radio. extension, for each picture saved. JS 420 COLOR CN,C(CN):GOT0270
TERRY M SUTLIFF The 37-block file with the extension | “S 430 IF A$<>"—-" THEN 476
ie wee .BIT contains the bitmap and colors | ®® 449 REM DECREASE PEN COLOR
: 0, I, and 2. The 5-block file with the | *° *°° C(CN)C(CN) “1: TF C(CN)<
We have experts like you men- SEAT aER COL Canta Sthecalans 1 THEN C(CN)=16
tioned, Terry. They're called our aormalian eB AELLe TNE Gar Caachi) cAitwccokenTe
7 le & ‘a
readers. We'll be glad to pass on any {SPACE}CLR: PRINT" {CLR}"
tips they can provide. :END
EX 166 REM SIMPLE 128 SKETCH P MD 486 IF AS="C" THEN GRAPHIC
ROGRAM{2 SPACES}1/89 FE {SPACE}4,1:GOTO 210
Secret Color Memory on EDBACK MH 496 IF AS<>"S" THEN 600
the 128 DC 11@ GRAPHIC 4,1 CJ 500 REM SAVE FILE
: + JG 120 DIM C(3),DX(8) ,DY(8 HJ 516 GRAPHIC @,0
Thave written a short and simple B)=12:C(1) =7:C(2)= EG 520 FS="": PRINT" (CLR}"zINPU
sketch program for my Commodore — )=15 T"SAVE NAME";FS
128 running in graphic mode 4(multi- | HQ 136 Dy(1)=-1:DY(2)=-1:DY(8) | JK 530 IF FS="" THEN 210
color bitmap mode). I am having == DS 546 F1S=FS+".BIT"
G@iz2 COMPUTE OCTOBER 1990
CONVENIENCE -
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Free* -- The Software Support International Fall 1990 Catalog -- Our Best Yet!
up the phone, call our TOLL FR
you a FREE copy of our huge brand new Fall 1990 Ca alog!
It's jammed with hundreds of Commodore products, from hardware
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id we'll rush
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TOLL FREE LINE
FOR USA & CANADA
800-356-1179
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If You Prefer, You May Mail Your Order To:
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METHODS OF PAYMENTS « We accept money orders, certified checks, Visa, MC, COD CHARGES: + COD available to previous customers only all $0 US states,
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Peas 26d $3.50 pe order. US shopng is usualy by UPS ground Fast UPS 2nd Day
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‘ound (each adctonal b) more. Alaska & Hawai: Shipping is by UPS 2nd Day Ar.
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We Accept
VISA, M/C,
& Discover
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continued from page G-12
FEEDBACK
HH 550 F2S=F$+".COL":GRAPHIC 4 | Plus/4 Software Sources
2B For readers who want sources of
EESTI) NAS ERED) NI PN Plus/4 software, send me a self-
,
P16384 i
addressed, stamped envelope. I will
BF 576 BANK @:POKE 216,255:POK : :
E 1,PEEK(1) AND 254:BAN send them a list of suppliers plus
K15 information about a newly formed
HR 586 BSAVE (F2$) ,B15,P55296 user group called the Plus/4 Forum. I
{SPACE}TO P56329 just joined, and Forum will send new
AG 590 POKE 216,0:POKE 1,PEEK( | membersa disk of public domain
1) OR 1:GoTO216 programs.
BP 660 IF AS<>"L" THEN 270 RONALD J. HARDCASTLE
KK 610 REM LOAD FILE 535 STEVENS AVE,
KB 620 GRAPHIC 6,0 SENT
QA 636 FS="": PRINT" {CLR}":INPU
T"FILENAME FOR LOAD ($ Speed Wanted :
{SPACE}FOR DIR)";FS I recently learned that internally in-
JA 646 IF FS="" THEN 216 stalled chips with speeds of 4 MHz or
CB 650 IF FS="$" THEN GRAPHIC more can be purchased for the Apple
{SPACE}, 0:DIRECTORY:GE | computer, but they are not yet avail-
TKEYF$:GOT0630 f Hes .
FE 660 GRAPHIC 4,0 able for the 64. This is a terrible
KP 676 BANK@:POKE 216,255:POKE | injustice!
1,PEEK(1) AND 254 Iam willing to spend $150-$225
RJ eas Eee aes Oe to get an internal 4 MHz-10 MHz
DK 696 F2S=FS$+".COL" :
. “ speed-up chip for my 64, I would ex-
B. 3 . * A . 5
eee Bane BHOAD (B28) +P9,P | Hect it could be installed with a switch
GH 718 BLOAD (F1$) ,D0,P7168 to run at normal speed so my present
DS 728 GOTO210 software would remain usable.
Please, do whatever you can to
make these faster chips available for
the Commodore. Thousands of us are
ready and willing to make the invest-
ment to keep our Commodore com-
puters running strong.
JOHN H, COLVIN
LOUISVILL ¢
See the review of the 4-MHz Turbo
Master CPU from Schnedler Sys-
tems elsewhere in this issue. Faster
chips alone won't boost the 64’s
speed, but this plug-in card may do
Just what you want.
Do you have a question, comment, or
problem? Have you discovered some-
thing that could help other Commo-
dore users? We want to hear from you.
Write to Gazette Feedback, COM-
PUTE, 324 West Wendover Avenue,
Greensboro, North Carolina 27408.
We regret that, due to the volume of
mail received, we cannot respond indi-
vidually to programming questions. @
ae
FACTORY AUTHORIZED
COMMODORE REPAIR CENTER
1-800-772-7289
(708) 879-2888 IN ILLINOIS
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MACHINE LANGUAGE
Jol
Mee Ulett eec ess Ries BL
Emel
he BIT command doesn’t seem
to fit in with the other 6502-
based commands. It does a test
that seems both complex and
puzzling, and it has only two ad-
dressing modes: absolute and zero
page.
BIT was designed to allow a pro-
gram to quickly examine input/output
(I/O) registers. Load a mask into the
A register, matching the bit you want
to test; execute the BIT instruction,
addressing the I/O register you want
to look at; then use the Z bit to tell
you if you have a match.
No special addressing modes
were added because designers felt that
there’d be only a few I/O chips, each
of which could be tested directly.
The BIT command automatically
tests the two highest order bits of the
selected address. No mask is neces-
sary. The highest bit (bit 7) is copied
to the N flag; a subsequent BMI will
branch if this bit is set. And the sec-
ond-highest bit (bit 6) is copied to the
V (oVerflow) flag; a BVS will take the
branch if this bit is set.
Bit 7 is tested because it’s often
used as the most important signal bit
in a group. Interrupt registers often
give it special status. Bit 7 is also used
as a sign bit; turning on when the byte
drops below 0.
Computer designers often put im-
portant connections at the two high
bits so that they’ll be easy to test with
BIT. For example, the two most im-
portant input lines'of the serial bus
(serial in and clock in) are positioned
in the two highest bits of the 6526 CIA
#2 chip at address 56576 ($DDO00).
We could monitor these with the BIT
command without having to alter any
data register—including the A
register.
The formal description of the
BIT command goes like this: The BIT
instruction sets the N flag to the value
of bit 7 of the memory being tested,
the V flag to the value of bit 6 of the
memory being tested, and the Z flag to
the result of an AND operation be-
tween the A register and memory. (Z
is set if the result is 0; otherwise it’s
cleared.) We’ve looked at the N and V
flags, but what’s this AND situation?
Suppose we want to test the
lowest bit (bit 0). We’d write LDA
#$01 followed by a BIT instruction
with an address, The contents of the
address will be ANDed with the val-
ue $01; if its lowest bit is set, the re-
sult of the AND will be $01 and the Z
flag will be clear. Otherwise, if the
lowest bit of the address is clear, the
result of the AND will be $00 and the
Z flag will be set. Neither the contents
of the A register nor the memory ad-
dress will be changed; the AND opera-
tion is there solely for generating the
right result in the Z flag. If the bit is
set, the Z flag will be clear, and vice
versa.
THE
BIT
COMMAND
That was an example using one
bit, but testing multiple bits is nearly
as simple. Remember that a// the
matching bits in the memory address
must be 0 in order for the Z flag to be
set. If any of these bits are set, the Z
flag will be cleared.
This example monitors register
653 ($028D), which on the 64 signals
whether any or all of three keys are be-
ing held down: SHIFT (value 1),
Commodore (2), and CTRL (4). If
more than one of these keys is being
pressed, this location will contain the
total of the numbers shown.
Here is a program that waits until
only the Commodore key is pressed.
033C
033E
LDA #802
BIT $028D
0340 BEQ $033E
0342 RTS
Now, suppose I need to print an
asterisk and a space character. The
BIT instruction can be used to com-
bine these into a single routine:
200E: A9 2A 2C A9 20 4C D2 FF
A subroutine at address $2011,
which is within the above memory
range, might be seen as
2011 A9 20 LDA #$20 — ;space
character
2013 4C D2 FF JMP $FFD2 ;CHROUT
routine
It prints a space. The JMP in-
struction goes to a subroutine that will
return directly to the routine that
called $2011. Let’s look again as a pro-
gram calls the routine at $200E.
200E A9 2A LDA #$2A _ sasterisk
character
2010 2C A9 20 BIT $20A9 ;no
character
2013 4C D2 FF JMP $FFD2 ;CHROUT
routine
The BIT instruction does noth-
ing; it changes no registers, and the
status bits will not be used. Address
$20A9 is meaningless; there’s really
nothing of interest there. But note
how that BIT opcode, $2C, has man-
aged to hide the instruction A9 20,
which is located at address $2011.
This trick is used quite often in
Commodore ROM code.
Let’s put the above code into a
BASIC driver and see it in action.
100 DATA162,0,32,14,32,32,17,32,232,224,
10,208
110 DATA245,96,169,42,44,169,32,76,210,255
120 FOR J=8192 TO 8213
130 READ X:T=T+X
140 POKE J,X:NEXT
150 IF T< >2333 THEN STOP
160 SYS 8192
The program prints a line of spaces
and asterisks, Disassemble it and see
how BIT works. {a
G@i6 COMPUTE
ORG TT IOUBLESR
1990
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ATTENTION
ALL COMMODORE 64/64C,
AND COMMODORE
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ONCEISORBSE SR? “1.98950 COMPUTE G17
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DIVERSIONS
ER EsD,
Dive? Go IN AR Zl
°
ave you ever noticed how com-
puters, keyboards, cameras, car
phones, and CDs keep getting
smaller? And how different de-
vices are coming together—VCRs and
cameras, CD players and boom boxes,
computers and fax machines? Wel-
come to desktop fusion!
We are in an age of rampant min-
iaturization of everything electronic.
For example, IBM scientists recently
published a photo showing how they
had lined up xenon atoms on a nickel
surface to spell the company’s name.
Scientists hope that one day they'll be
able to build ultrasmall computers
that are just a few atoms wide.
The process of miniaturization
extends into the world of mechanical
engineering as well. A new generation
of nanotechnologists are attempting to
shrink gears, electric motors, and
pumps to microscopic size. They’ve
achieved some remarkable successes.
Since more components can be
squeezed into a smaller space, engi-
neers could have let old machines
continue to get smaller. Instead,
they’ve begun combining older ma-
chines into new multifunction fusion
machines that use the same space as
older, single-purpose machines. But
the fusion machines can do many
more things and cost less than the
combined price of the older machines.
In fact, these new machines may be an
entirely new species!
Take a look at computers. I
bought one of the first Compaq porta-
ble computers years ago because I had
to go to England to teach a summer-
long course on robotics. Compaq
called its machine a portable, but it
was more like an old-fashioned, cast-
iron sewing machine. By the time I
had packed the portable into its case
and strapped it around one shoulder
and the portable Epson printer around
the other shoulder, I resembled a
guide on an expedition to climb
Mount Everest. I had to walk slowly
and stand perfectly straight. I didn’t
dare lean to one side for fear that I'd
topple over and risk getting crushed
by one of my “portable” machines.
Now companies are making com-
puters many times more powerful
than my old Compaq, and these ma-
chines weigh only a sixth as much.
Some even fit into your pocket.
Take video cameras. Back in the
1970s along came the porta-pack—a
camera and a VCR all in two boxes
that you could carry on your shoul-
ders. This was supposedly the dawn of
the portable-video era. But the prob-
lem was that the porta-pack cameras
were even heavier than my Compaq.
Only big, husky people could become
video whizzes in the early years.
TINY,
TALENTED
MACHINES:
DESKTOP
FUSION
Then the Japanese got into the
act. Now the new Sony and JVC cam-
eras combine the quality and func-
tionality of a broadcast studio in a
package the size of a kitten.
I once dreamed of my computer
being like the sun, and I saw a constel-
lation of other devices—video cam-
eras, keyboards, CDs, VCRs, TVs, fax
machines, telephones—swirling
around the computer. In my dream,
the devices came closer and closer un-
til there was a blinding explosion.
The computer had swallowed all
the other machines. It could now do
what all the other machines did. It
could take pictures and make phone
calls. It could make copies and send
faxes. It could record TV programs
Gis COMPUTE
OCTOBER
le 790
and play stereo music.
But if it could do all these things,
maybe it was no longer a computer.
Maybe it was something more. If so,
what was it? A Smart TV? A Tele-
puter? A MusiCopiCalcutron?
We've all seen those computer
screens that supposedly represent the
ideal graphic environment of the fu-
ture. You know, the ones with little
pictures of file folders, stacks of elec-
tronic paper, and cute little trash cans.
The metaphor for computers of
the future is supposed to be the desk-
top. We are told this makes comput-
ers user-friendly. Noncomputer types
are more comfortable and less anx-
ious. Their computer screen looks like
a tiny copy of the office with its filing
cabinets, folders, and trash cans.
This is all very cute. And it does
make computers more understand-
able. But it may also be inaccurate, It
may be preparing us for a world of the
past, not the future. The new fusion
machines do not have to sit on a desk-
top. They are so portable they can be
carried anywhere.
Already, the computer is not nec-
essarily the machine that sits on a
desktop. Camcorders are really highly
sophisticated video computers. Musi-
cal keyboards are incredibly compli-
cated audio computers. Portable
scanners, modems, cellular tele-
phones, CD players, and TVs are all
computers, too.
As fusion machines get smaller,
they blast off from the desktop and
soar like tiny spacecraft into the rest
of our lives. We’re carrying them in
our pockets, briefcases, and purses.
We wear them in our ears, hang them
on our shoulders. They’re merging
with cosmetic jewelry and becoming
part of people’s lifestyles. They are
colored in pastels and stripes and are
enveloped in fabrics such as denim
and corduroy—like designer clothes.
In a world of tiny fusion ma-
chines, office furniture seems to be a
clunky metaphor. Maybe it’s time to
turn to architects, biologists, dancers,
and fashion designers for metaphors
more timely, creative, and humane. O
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6
BEGINNER BASIC
——
—_
A Renny: COLT esta o'
prites are colorful shapes that
are easily defined and controlled
from BASIC on the 64 and 128.
They can pop up anywhere on
the screen and often manifest them-
selves in games as spaceships, aliens,
or the like.
Sprites can be set up and manipu-
lated independently of other items on
the screen, such as text or character
graphics (the figures on the front of
the computer keys). In fact, they work
very nicely with these, as illustrated
by this month’s exercise.
This month, I'll show you how
straightforward pro-
gramming sprites can
be. We'll begin writ-
ing a short program
which uses only one
sprite, bearing in
mind that the same
techniques can be ap-
square wave and musical envelope
(attack, decay, sustain, and release) for
voice 1, and turn up the volume to the
maximum setting.
20 POKE S+3,8:POKE S+5,12:POKE
S+6,29:POKE S+24,15
Now, we'll clear the screen, color
it and the border white, and draw a
black musical treble-clef staff.
36 PRINT CHRS(147)CHR$(144):PO
KE 53280,1:POKE 53281,1
40 FOR T=1 TO 8:PRINT "
{18 SPACES}{3 @}":NEXT
a group of 39 or so that begin at loca-
tion 53248. When you program
sprites, always start by defining that
first memory register. The Program-
mer’s Reference Guide calls it variable
V, so we'll stick with that.
100 V=53248
Next, we'll define another vari-
able, N, which will ultimately repre-
sent the vertical position of the sprite
on the screen.
110 N=125
MUSICAL NOTE ON A SPRITE GRID
Bit Values
2
Ssge0
plied to display as
many as eight sprites
on the screen at once.
Although this pro-
gram isn’t a game per
se, you’ll immediate-
ly see how to expand
on your ability to
program sprites in
games or in other
programs by using
the simple BASIC
commands that
we've learned over
the last few months.
So, let’s begin.
As you may re-
call, the 64’s screen is
composed of 64,000
individually address-
able dots—called
1 ain pixels—in a 320 X
2 “ 200 (horizontal X
a vertical) matrix. The
5 sprite can be located
6 anywhere on the
z screen, although
3 those near the bor-
10 ders may make the
ue sprite invisible. The
13 value 125 is the
14 0,0.251
number of pixels the
He ate sprite will be offset
17 0,7.255 from the top of the
i eae screen. We'll locate it
20 0,0,248 horizontally in a
21 0.0.0 moment.
Now comes the
only tricky part, so
pay close attention.
Row Number
In addition to
sprites, our program uses the 64’s mu-
sical capabilities. We covered music
in the July and August 1989 issues
(also in the November and December
issues), So you may want to refresh
your memory by reviewing these
columns.
We begin the program by clearing
the sound (SID) chip’s internal mem-
ory registers.
10 S=54272:FOR T=S TO S+24:POKE
T,0:NEXT
Next, we'll set up the SID chip’s
Byte
63
50 PRINT "{2 @}UI{35 @}
60 PRINT "{2 @}BB{35 @}
76 PRINT "{@}U+K{35 @}
86 PRINT "{@}B+I{35 @}
90 PRINT "{@}+K{35 @}
92 PRINT " JK{15 SPACES}{3 @}
94 FOR T=1 TO 7:PRINT "
{18 SPACES}{3 @}":NEXT
The program may be run at this
point, so try it. The staff, which is
composed of some graphics charac-
ters, will form the background for our
sprite, which we'll create next.
Sprites are controlled by 12 non-
consecutive memory registers, within
We must define the
shape of the sprite, which in this pro-
gram will be the symbol for a musical
quarter note, which you can move up
and down on the musical staff with
the joystick. Naturally, appropriate
sounds will emanate from your com-
puter, corresponding to the position
of the note on the staff. In other
words, you'll be able to play a tune
with the joystick.
Our ultimate goal is to generate
63 pieces of data that represent the
sprite’s shape, which we can POKE
into certain memory registers in the
computer. To create this data, it’s
G20 COMPUTE
OR CRITOUB EER
Te Ciel)
BEGINNER BASIC
helpful to draw a grid such as the one
shown in the accompanying figure.
Then you must fill in the blocks ac-
cording to the shape you want dis-
played on the screen. Last, add up the
numbers above the blocks in the grid.
Sound difficult? It’s not.
Think of the grid as 21 rows of 24
tiny squares. Each row is divided into
three groups of eight squares. Each
group of eight squares represents one
POKEable value (a byte). The first
row, then, contains the first three
bytes of the 63 pieces of data we need.
The bytes in the grid are numbered as
follows:
and so on, for 21 rows (21 rows times
3 bytes per row equals 63 bytes).
Note that the. top of the grid is
numbered, representing the corre-
sponding bit value within each respec-
tive byte. Wherever a black square
appears, the number above it—or bit
value—should be added within that
byte. For instance, bytes | and 2 are 0;
no squares are blackened. Byte 3 con-
tains only two blackened squares, un-
der the numbers | and 2. Adding 1
and 2 yields 3, which, coincidentally,
is the third piece of data for the sprite.
In fact, for this sprite, the first 13 rows
of the grid contain the numbers 0, 0,
and 3. The maximum value a byte can
hold, remember, is 255—the sum of
128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, and 1. So, we
READ and POKE the byte values in
the sprite grid, as shown below.
120 FOR J=12288 TO 12350:READ
D:POKE J,D:NEXT
130 DATA0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,
0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3,0,0,3
140 DATAO,0,3,0,0,251,0,3,255,0,7,255,0,7,
255,0,7,255,0,3,254,0,0,248,0,0,0
It has become customary to put
the data for sprite 1 in memory loca-
tions 12288-12350, so we'll use them.
If you’re using less than four sprites,
you might want to use locations
832-894 for sprite 1. Later, we'll tell
the computer where to find the data.
We'll program the various sprite
memory registers in a slightly differ-
ent order from that used in the Pro-
grammer’s Reference Guide. While
the order isn’t critical, it’s more logical
to assign the color and other parame-
ters before turning on the sprite.
First, we'll select the color for the
sprite. Any color will do, so let’s make
it green. The color value for green is
POKEzd into register 53287 (use
V +39 since we defined register 53248
as V in line 100).
150 POKE V+39,5
Next, we'll tell the computer
where to look for the sprite data.
160 POKE 2040,192
If you put the data at 832-894,
you’d POKE 2040,13 instead. The
Programmer's Reference Guide goes
into some detail about how to calcu-
late this pointer value (13); we'll dis-
cuss it some more in a forthcoming
column.
Memory register 53248 (V) hap-
pens to control the horizontal position
of the sprite on the screen. We want it
precisely 160 pixels from the left edge.
170 POKE V,160
Then we locate it vertically, using
register 53249 and N, which was de-
fined in line 110.
180 POKE V+1,N
Last but not least, we turn on the
sprite using V+21. POKEing a | into
this location turns on sprite 1.
190 POKE V+21,1
If you’ve been entering the pro-
gram line by line, you’re about to be
rewarded. Run the program. If you
haven’t made any typing errors, the
sprite, in the shape of a green quarter
note, should now pop onto the screen,
superimposed on a musical staff. Its
position on the staff, the second space
from the top, corresponds to a piano’s
C above middle C. At this point, be
sure to save what you’ve typed in. In
the next issue, we'll continue with this
program and add some more features.
Next month, we’ll move the note
around with the joystick and play the
notes which correspond to the sprite’s
position on the staff as we move it.
We'll also go into more depth on posi-
tioning sprites, creating multiple
sprites, and moving sprites at various
speeds. o
ORC. TRON BSESR
SOFTWARE
CLOSEOUTS
For Commodore 64 & 128:
Adventure Creator, by Spinnaker (C)
America’s Cup, by Electronic Arts .
Argos Expedition, by CBS
Artist, by Valueware
Assembler, by Commodore .. .
Beyond Castle Wolfenstein, by Muse
Border Zone, by Infocom .. Pass
Boston Computer Diet, by Scarborough .
Bumper Sticker Maker, by Intracorp
Button & Badge Maker, by Intracorp
Castle Wolfenstein, by Muse
Congo Bongo, by Sega (C)
Deadline, by Infocom
Death Sword, by EPYX
Educator, by Valueware ‘
Electronic Address Book, by Batt. Inc
Entertainer, by Valueware $
Go, by Hayden $s
Home Cataloger, by Continental/Arrays . $
Home Manager, by Valueware . -$
Kickman, by Commodore (C) $ 2.50
$
$s
$
$
Logic Levels, by Fisher-Price (C)
Math IV, by Commodore
Musician, by Valueware
One Man & His Droid, by Mastertronic
Partner 128, by Timeworks (C/128) .
Pet Emulator, by Commodore
Phantasie Ill, by SS/
Practicalc 64, by CSA
Practicalc +file, by Practicorp
President Elect, by SS! .
Printed Word, by Valueware
Pro-Golf, by Mastertronic
Programming Kit 3, by Timeworks
Questron Il, by SSI
Roadwar 2000, by SSI
Shiloh: Grant's Trail, by SSI
Skill Builders, by Real Software
Sons of Liberty, by SS!
Spider Eater, by Koala
Starcross, by Infocom
Story Machine, by Spinnaker (C)
Suspended, by Infocom
The Tool, by Homeware
Toy Bizzare, by Activision
Wargame Construction Set, by SS!
Warship, by SSI
Zenji, by Activision
3 for All Games, by BCI
Memorex Diskettes, box of 10. SSDD
IMPORTANT NOTE: (C) indicates that the item is
on Cartridge format. All other items are
distributed on 5.25" diskette. All products are
the original factory packages, no seconds or
damaged goods. Name brands only!!
NOT Public Domain!!
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closeout products. Call (B05) 544-6616,
or write to the above address.
Circle Reader Service Number 128
eo BOO: COMPUTE G21
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PROGRAMMER 'S PAGE
R AN D Y
THOM PS OnN
his month you'll find some spe-
cial effects, a joystick routine,
and corrections for two previous
programs.
Screen Fader
The following program fades out all of
the text on the screen. Because the
program relies on the computer’s op-
erating system to fill color memory,
this routine will not work on some
older 64s.
XS 16 POKE 53280,0:POKE 53281,
@:POKE 646,1:POKE 648,24
g
HX 26 FOR A=1 TO 6:READ C:POKE
646,C:PRINT CHRS$ (147) :N
EXT
KM 36 POKE 648,4:POKE 646,1:PR
INT CHR$ (147)
CR 40 DATA 1,7,15,12,11,6
The color sequence used to fade
the characters can be changed by alter-
ing the data in line 40, Each value
(0-15) corresponds to one of the
standard Commodore colors.
You may also change line 20 so
that it reads the color values from
memory instead of from DATA state-
ments. For example, replace line 20's
READ C:POKE 646,C instructions
with POKE 646,PEEK(828+A), and
the fade colors will be obtained from
memory starting at location 828. This
way, you don’t have to use RESTORE
before calling this routine for the sec-
ond or third time.
CLINT KAWASAKI
ALTUS, OK
Earthquake
This short routine makes all of the
characters on the screen shake back
and forth.
ED 16 PRINT CHR$(147)TAB(14)"
{DOWN}S H A K E!"
PH 26 FOR X=1 TO 10:FOR I=8 TO
5:POKE 5327G, (PEEK(5327
9) AND248)+I:NEXT
QJ 38 POKE 53276,26G:NEXT
You can use this code to produce
explosion or earthquake effects.
JOHN SVOBODA
SWARTZ CREEK, MI
Improved 64 Joystick Handling
When I first started programming on
the 64, I was irritated by the fact that
using a joystick could scramble the
keyboard and vice versa. So, I’ve
devised a way to get around this
problem.
The following BASIC program
creates a short machine language sub-
routine that returns the value of a joy-
stick in either port while filtering out
READERS’ TIPS ON
OPOOLERS
AND MORE
any interference with the keyboard.
After running this program, you
can read a joystick by issuing the com-
mand joy=USR(port), where port is
the desired joystick port (1 or 2) and
the current value of that port is re-
turned in the joy variable. This sub-
routine automatically inverts port bits
0-3 so that it returns the values rec-
ommended on page 344 of the Com-
modore 64 Programmer’s Reference
Guide. That is, the value of joy AND
15 equals 0 if there’s no joystick
movement, 1 for up, 2 for down, 4 for
left, 5 for up and left, 6 for down and
left, 8 for right, 9 for up and right, and
10 for down and right. If joy AND 16
equals 0, the fire button is being
pressed.
MX 166 JJ=49152:JH=INT (JJ/256
:JL=JJ-JH*256:POKE 785,
JL:POKE 786,JH
MQ 116 FOR K=JJ TO JJ+67:READ
{SPACE}¥:POKE K,Y:NEXT
SR 120 DATA 126,76,97,176,21,1
69,127,141
AX 138 DATA 6,229,173,1,220,28
1,255,246
BH 148 DATA 4,169,31,268,13,17
3,080,226
EC 158 DATA 16,8,169,255,141,0
226,173
MD 168 DATA 1,220,41,31,73,15,
298,4
MK 176 DATA 133,97,248,23,133,
98,169,136
QB 188 DATA 133,97,169,0,133,9
9,133,180
XA 190 DATA 133,161,133,162,19
8,97,6,98
SH 260 DATA 16,256,88,96
This program stores the joystick
routine’s machine language in memo-
ry at 49152. If this address is inconve-
nient, change the value assigned to JJ
in line 100.
TIM MACINTA
FLINTSTONE, MD
Printer Spooler
Ted Grondski wrote to point out an
error in his printer spooler program
that was published in June’s column.
Line 180 should be changed to read
180 POKE A+219,H:POKE
A+78,H+1
This correction is necessary if
you wish to change the program’s
starting address.
Alpha Lock
Rev. Kenneth Cherry of Spring
Grove, Pennsylvania, found an error
in my May Alpha Lock program. The
first value in line 300 should be a 20,
not a 13. Without this change, the
DEL key thinks it’s a RETURN key
whenever the alpha lock is activated.
“The Programmer's Page” is interest-
ed in your programming tips and
tricks. Send all submissions to The
Programmer's Page, COMPUTE’s
Gazette, P.O. Box 5406, Greensboro,
North Carolina 27403. We'll pay
$25-$50 for each tip we publish. io}
G22 COMPUTE
ONC ATMONBRERR:
1990
CG" Repairable C-64 Power Supply Cx”
¢ $24.95 «
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Large heat sink runs cool » Complete schematic included (spare parts kit available) «
13 month warranty on entire unit « U.L. approved + External Fuse + Super price of
$24.95 (plus UPS) + Sold world wide in various voltages and plug configurations
Dealer pricing available
*Over 50% of ‘64! failures were due to power supply “runaway”
(Prices subject to change.)
THE GRAPEVINE GROUP, INC.
(914)354-4448
3 Chestnut Street
Circle Reader Service Number 165
| VISA
Suffern, NY 10901
1-800-292-7445
DON'T MISS THIS INTROD!
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J
Circle Reader Service Number 149
C* BASE BBS SYSTEMS
Hf you are looking for the fastest, most efficient BBS with the most features for the C64, your wait
is NOW OVER! And now CBASE has a C128 version as well. C*BASE supports nearly all hard-
ware additions including SFOs, popularly advertised harddrives, 1581s (Supports partitioning),
and ram expanders! Both systems come with BASIC source code, extensive documentation, and
free modules such as Empire and Murder Motel! An extensive network of support lines allows
easy access to updates and more modules also! To order send check or m.o. & your Name, Alias,
Address, Voice¥, BBS#, BBS name, and Equip. List.
For More Information Contact $50.00 64 CBASE (301) 761-9773 VOICE
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Whether you're a beginner or an
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Send check or money order payable to
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GET MORE FEATURES FOR
BIBLE STUDY
LANDMARK The Computer
Reference Bible offers:
- Complete Old and New Testaments in King James
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(marginal) references, words of Christin color, complete
NIV footnotes and a Concordance.
- Searching for up to 12 partial words, wildcard
characters, words or phrases at once. Search not only
the Bible, but also your own files, oreven the results of
a search, to narrow your search down further.
- Creating of your own files, using the built in texteditor
to copy Scripture, text or search results into your file.
You can also convert your files for use with most
wordprocessors, like Paperclip and GEOS to add
graphics or different type styles.
- Compiling your own Personal Bible containing all
your notes, comments, outlining of text in color and
keep it organized, Make new references, add to the
existing references, or reference your own files!
~ Compatibility with all disk drives for the 064/128
including 1541, 1571, 1581, SFD1001, and hard disk
drives, Ako will take advantage of cartridge or hardware
speedup products like FAST LOAD or Jiffy DOS to
improve performance of the program. Entire Bible
with references fits onto eight 1581 disks, C64 v1.2 and
C128 v2.0 on same program disk!
itt
KIV $89.95 NIV $99.95 /Both $155.00
plus $4.00/$6.50 shipping in cont. USA
CALL OR WRITE FOR FREE BROCHURE
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MC/VISA accepted. Forcign orders write for shipping
Circle Reader Service Number 191
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Make your Commodore
(or)
a Speed Demon
TURBO MASTER CPU”
TURBO MASTER CPU™
4.09 MHz Accelerator Cartridge for C64
¢ Four times faster processing speed combined with five
times faster disk Load and Save.
© Software actually runs four times as fast. Basic, word-
processor scrolling and search, spreadsheets,
assemblers, graphics, GEOS etc. Compatible with most
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* Jiffy DOS compatibility option available (by Creative
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© Why upgrade when you can enjoy dazzling performance
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Data acquisition and control interfaces
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Requires model 641F22. Model 641F/ADC0816 $69.
Interface boards include extensive documentation and program
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for detailed brochure.
Resources for Serious Programmers.
* Symbol Master Multi-Pass Symbolic Disassembler. C64 & C128. $49.95
© PTD6510 super-powerful Symbolic Debugger. C64. $49.95
* MAE64 6502/65C02 Macro Editor/Assembler. $29.95
* C64 Source Code Book. Kernal and Basic ROMs. $29.95
SCHNEDLER
“We engineer miracles.”
Dept. G 8, 25 Eastwood Road, P.O. Box 5964
Asheville, North Carolina 28813 Telephone: (704) 274-4646
SYSTEMS
VISA and MasterCard accepted.
All prices include shipping
prepaid to US addresses.
a
3
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AIO PROOEREAWDEI
PoH
[abs te Dei ya
N ELS ON
The Automatic Proofreader helps you
type in program listings for the 128
and 64 and prevents nearly every kind
of typing mistake.
Type in the Proofreader exactly
as listed. Because the program can’t
check itself, type carefully to avoid
mistakes. Don’t omit any lines, even
if they contain unusual commands.
After you’ve finished, save a copy
before running it.
Next, type RUN and press Re-
turn. When the program displays the
message Proofreader Active, you’re
ready to type in a BASIC program.
Every time you finish typing a
line and press Return, the Proofreader
displays a two-letter checksum in the
upper left corner of the screen. Com-
pare this result with the two-letter
checksum printed to the left of the
line in the program listing. If the let-
ters match, it’s almost certain the line
was typed correctly. If not, check for
your mistake and correct the line.
The Proofreader ignores spaces
not enclosed in quotation marks, so
you can omit or add spaces between
keywords and still see a matching
checksum. However, spaces inside
quotes are significant, so the program
pays attention to them.
The Proofreader does not accept
keyword abbreviations (for example, ?
instead of PRINT). If you use abbre-
viations, you can check the line later
by LISTing it, moving the cursor back
to the line, and pressing Return.
If you’re using the Proofreader on
the 128, do not perform any GRAPH-
IC commands while the Proofreader is
active. When you perform a com-
mand like GRAPHIC 1, the computer
moves everything at the start of
BASIC program space—including the
Proofreader—to another memory
area, causing it to crash. The same
thing happens if you run any program
with a GRAPHIC command while
the Proofreader is in memory.
Though the Proofreader doesn’t
interfere with other BASIC opera-
tions, it’s a good idea to disable it
before running another program. The
simplest way to disable it is to turn the
computer off then on. A gentler meth-
od is to SYS to the computer’s built-in
reset routine (65341 for the 128,
64738 for the 64). These reset routines
erase any program in memory, so be
sure to save the program you're typing
in before entering the SYS command.
When using the Proofreader with
another utility, disable both programs
before running a BASIC program. ©
see program listing on page 39
BIG BLUE READER
Reads & Writes IBM MS-DOS Disks
Big Blue Reader transfers word processing, text, ASCII, and
binary files between Commodore and IBM MS-DOS diskettes.
1571 or 1581 Disk Drive is required. Does not work with 154]
Fast, easy to use, menu driven program for novices and experts,
Transfers MS-DOS files on 360K 5.25" & 720K 3.5" disks.
Big Blue Reader 128 V3.1 supports: C128 CP/M files, 17xx REU,
40/80 column, reading MS-DOS sub-directories, and much more.
Big Blue Reader 64 V2 available separately only $29.95
BBR 128 V3.1 upgrade available. Send original BBR disk and $18
BIG BLUE READER 128/64 only $44.95
BIBLE SEARCH V3.1
Fastest Complete Bible on 7 Disks!
A fast, easy-to tool for general Bible study and in-depth
Bible research. ls any word or verse in Complete Old
and New Testament text and Concordance on seven 1541/71 disks.
Includes C64 & C128 programs; printer and disk output; versatile
search options; and more. Satisfaction, Money Back Guaranteed!
Please specify 1541, 1571 or 1581 disks.
Whole Bible Version KJV $69, NIV $79. (Both only $125)
jon KJV $25, NIV $29.
for C64/128 or Amiga only $3
in enormously quick and responsive program", Gazette Aug '89
“try it with any drive-you'll be amazed”, Twin Cities #25
SOGWAP Software — Ph:(219)724-3900
115 Bellmont Road; Decatur IN 46733
Order by check, money order, or COD. US Funds only.
Free shipping in US and Canada. No credit card orders.
Foreign orders add $5 ($12 for whole Bible).
Circle Reader Service Number 159
SOFTWARE SALE! 3/$25 or $9 ea.
VIC-20—Star trek-Cosmic crunch-Tutankhamen
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Add $3 Frt to: HACKER CAT— 8301 SE Division
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Circle Reader Service Number 146
ONLY ON DISK
There's something new on the Gazette Disk! In addition to the type-in
programs found in each issue of the magazine, we're putting more features
and programs each month on the Gazette Disk. Check out the original 64
and 128 artwork on display in “Gazette Gallery,” and look for our bonus
programs as well. These programs and their instructions appear only on
disk. Here are descriptions of this month's bonus programs.
geoGammon Douglas S. Curtis
Take on the computer in this modern game of strategy and chance for
GEOS and GEOS 128, versions 1.3 and higher. This beautiful one-player
version of backgammon will challenge your board skills for hours.
64-Shell Bill Chin
Add a personal touch to your 64 with this slick interrupt-driven, pull-down
menu utility. You can create custom menus that launch your favorite
programs or issue DOS commands. These menus also work with other
programs, like MetaBasic.
Multi-Color Lister
Robert Cook
This handy utility adds eye-catching color to your BASIC listings. It modifies
BASIC's LIST routine to make individual elements of your program distin-
guishable. BASIC keywords, variables, and character strings are each dis-
played in a unique color, making your editing and debugging work easier.
PROGRAMS
MAR
he year is 2141 A.D. Ravaged by
pollution, the planet Earth is
now all but uninhabitable. For
the past 50 years, scientists have
desperately scoured the heavens for
another planet to colonize. So far,
they’ve had little success—until now.
In a miraculous turn of events, a suit-
able planet has just been located in
Section Pi. This oasis in the cosmic
void is seen as man’s last hope for
survival.
After a careful survey of this
planet, vestiges of a supreme alien cul-
ture are uncovered. Though the aliens
were long ago destroyed by their own
weapons, their robotic defense system
remains intact-and active. To make
matters worse, this system is enclosed
in eight tunnels below the surface of
the planet. If our species is to survive,
you must pilot a specially equipped
fighter to the planet and destroy the
robotic defense system.
Getting Started
Section Pi is written entirely in ma-
chine language. To type it in, you’ll
need MLX, a machine language entry
program. See “Typing Aids” else-
where in this section. The MLX
prompts, and the values you should
enter, are as follows:
Starting address: $1D4D
Ending address: $3284
When you’ve finished typing, be sure
to save the program to disk.
To play a game, plug a joystick
into port 2 and type LOAD “file-
name”,8,1, where filename is the
name you used when you saved the
program. After the program has load-
ed, enter the command SYS 7501.
When the title screen appears, press
the fire button to begin play.
Playing the Game
The object of Section Pi is to blast
your way through eight levels, or
stages, of robotic attack. You begin
the mission with four fighter craft.
You must avoid or destroy the alien
robot ships that you encounter, as well
aus Sere
as any debris that obstructs your path.
Contact with either results in the loss
ofa ship. The game ends when you’ve
lost all your fighters or you’ve com-
pleted the eighth stage.
The stage number, high scare,
and current score are displayed at the
top off the screen. The number of ships
remaining is shown below the stage
number. For every 10,000 points you
score, you’re awarded an extra fighter.
On the first stage, you receive 100
points for each robotic craft you de-
OEGTION
GET OUT YOUR
PLASMA GUN AND
START BLASTING IN
THIS FAST-ACTION
ARCADE-ST YLE
GAME FOR THE 64
JOYSTICK REQUIRED
stroy. With each successive stage, you
earn 50 additional points per robot.
Each piece of the tunnel you vaporize
is worth 10 points. The /evel guard-
ians, or oversized alien robots, that
appear at the end of each stage are
worth three times the current point
value of the smaller robots.
The robots that are found deep in
the tunnels are built to withstand
greater pressure and more severe tem-
peratures. As a result, these robots
require more shots before they’re de-
stroyed. You'll notice that these deep-
level robots move more quickly, too.
JaK UBOWS K 1
Words to Live By
There are several playing strategies
you might like to try. When you come
upon the level guardians, don’t be dis-
couraged. They'll attack your fighter
in a chainlike formation that spans
the entire width ofa tunnel. To fly
through them, destroy the robot on
the outside of the formation first; then
you can maneuver your craft through
the remaining guardians.
At the higher stages, the robots
require more hits to be destroyed.
Again, to survive an attack, you must
single out and destroy one robot in the
formation and then fly through the
vacated space.
When one of your ships has been
destroyed, a new one will appear. For
a brief moment, this ship is invinci-
ble. Be sure to use this time to take
out as many robots as possible.
Section Pi
oo
Ag
AQ
Bl
FC
85
37
FB
86
1g
FG
G4
51
1D
G4
BA
8D
8D
1D
FB
12
@1
2F
A2
AD
2D
8c
2B
26
FE
2E
16
93
2E
86
FS
63
38
1D7D:4C
1D85:16
1D8D:87
1D95:69
OCTOBER
1990 Cc
PROGRAMS
1E7D:6F 20DD:56 55 54
1E85:F8 G7 CA 10 F7 AQ 81 8D 51 | 20E5:52 45 53 53 20 46 49 52 3F | 234
1E8D:GE DC 8D 1A DG A2 GO BD 2A | 29ED:45 20 54 4F 206 53 54 41 96 | 234
1£95:4C 2E C9 FF F@ 06 20 D2 6F 54 60 OD G3 GE G6 GG Al | 235
1E9D:FF E8 D@ F3 20 CB 24 CE B4 68 GG GG G6 GE G3 BD BO | 235
1EA5:C6 2F AD B4 2F C9 G9 BG 75 78 F8 18 AD C4 2F 69 4E | 236
1EAD:48 20 86 1D AD @@ DC 29 48 8D C4 2F AD C5 2F 69 B2 | 236
1EB5:18 DO G3 26 D2 2B 20 33 47 8D C5 2F D8 AY GE 8D 7D | 237
1EBD:23 28 F7 24 26 33 25 20 OD DG AS 81 8D G4 D4 8D 28 | 237
1EC5:4D 22 98 63 4C G1 26 AD C7 D4 A9 78 8D CF 2F AG 89 | 238
1ECD:E5 2F 48 29 62 F@ GS AD EB A9 C8 8D 16 DG 20 ED ED | 238)
1ED5:61 26 7A 2A 68 29 04 F@ 6D 98 26 2A 25 26 21 23 El | 239
1EDD:65 A9 G2 28 7A 2A AD C2 £3 22 D@ AB CE CB 2F CE 26 | 239
1EE5:2F F@ BF 28 7A 24 26 A3 38 2F AD CB 2F 8D G1 D4 32 | 23A
1EED:24 A9 GG 8D C2 2F 4C A7 92 @8 D4 CE CF 2F D@ DE 9B | 23A'
1EF5:1E 78 20 81 FF 26 8A FF 11 20 20 GF 23 AS 8@ 8D B7 | 23B
1EFD:A9 C2 A2 67 9D F8 G7 CA 2E D4 8D GB D4 AY G7 8D 22 | 23B
1F65:16 FA A9 66 A2 16 9D 06 CF D@ AD BE 26 21 23 AD F5 | 23C
1FGD:D@6 CA 16 FA AQ 34 A2 GE 89 2F 69 38 8D B9 21 AQ 39 | 23C
1F15:9D @1 D@ 18 69 19 CA CA GE 8D B8 2F EE B4 2F AD D5 | 23D
1F1D:10 F6 A2 FF 8E 15 DG 8E 6E 2F C9 89 90 G2 58 66 4D | 23D
1F25:1B D@ 8E 1C D@ E8 8E 17 17 60 BD AE 21 29 BF 9D 86 | 23E
1F2D:D@ 8E 1D D@ BE 21 NG 8E 51 85 £8 EG 1B 96 F3 A2 85 | 23E 27 D@ AO GO 9D EE 2F 65
1F35:26 DG 8E GG 26 8E 18 D4 C9} 2195:06 BD C9 21 29 BF 9D EF G6 | 23F 64 9D DC 2F A9 C9 9D E4
1F3D:A2 69 BD BF 1F 9D 25 D@ 4D | 219D:65 E8 EG GA 96 F3 26 D3 Cl | 23FD:F8 G7 AD B6 2F 4D C7 23 @5
1F45:CA 16 F7 A9 93 26 D2 FF 49 | 21A5:21 20 DB 21 EE G7 G4 58 62 | 24@5:8D B6 2F AO GG 8D CC 2F 41
1F4D:A2 87 AG GC 18 26 FG FF 96 | 21AD:60 53 20 54 26 41 26 47 CB | 24@D:A9 81 8D OB D4 BG 1A AD 38
1F55:A9 85 AG 1F 20 1E AB A2 43 | 21B5:26 45 20 20 31 28 26 43 EC
1F5D:0B AG Gl 18 26 FG FF AQ 59 | 21BD:26 4C 26 45 26 41 206 52 14
1F65:97 A@ 1F 20 1E AB 78 AD BB | 21C5:26 45 20 44 47 4F 4F 44 GC
1F6D:12 D@ C9 FB DG F9 2G C9 5A | 21CD:26 57 4F 52 4B 21 AD GG 3F | 242D:24 60 A9 15 9D EE 2F AQ D6
1F75:1F AD @@ DC 29 16 D@ EF 97 21D5:DC 29 16 DG F9 68 AD BG 84 | 2435:21 8D GB D4 AD B5 8D CC 69
1F7D:AD G0 26 FO EA 4C G1 20 5@ | 21DD:8D 17 DO 8D 1D DO A2 47 18 | 243
1F85:99 43 4F 4B 47 52 41 54 8A | 21E5:9D DC 2F 9D EE 2F CA 10 C7 | 244
1F8D:55 4C 41 54 49 4F 4E 53 6E | 21ED:F7 20 42 22 8D 22 D@ 20 55 | 244
1F95:21 06 1E 41 4c 4c 26 53 63 | 21F5:42 22 8D 23 D® 26 42 22 73 | 2455:8D E8 2F G8 AD E7 2F 69 D9
1F9D:45 43 54 4F 52 53 26 43 32 | 21FD:20 21 23 26 42 22 8D C3 78 | 245D:00 8D E7 2F 28 98 13 AE 51
1FA5:4C 45 41 52 45 44 2@ 2D 51 2205:2F 26 2A 25 26 42 22 8D 5c
1FAD:2@ 4D 49 53 53 49 4F 4E 5A | 220D:CO 2F 26 GF 23 20 42 22 B2
1FB5:20 43 4F 4D 50 4C 45 54 26 | 2215:8D 6B 2D 8D 76 2D 20 42 64
1FBD:45 06 G3 G6 G8 G4 GA GE D1 | 221D:22 8D BE 2F 8D BF 2F 20 8A
1FC5:04 68 GA GE AD 12 DG C9 4B | 2225:42 22 A2 64 9D FB G7 CA 5D
1FCD:FA D@ F9 A2 GG AG G7 BY 71 | 222D:16 FA 8D B5 2F AE BB 2F 20
1FD5:F8 1F 48 8A 48 98 A2 @1 F4 | 2235:E8 8E BB 2F 8E Cl 2F AQ 7F
1FDD:2@ CA 29 68 AA 68 38 E9 DB | 223D:78 8D F7 2F 66 AC E4 2F Cl
1FE5:G1 D@ EF E8 E8 88 16 E7 D6 | 2245:B9 79 2F C8 8C E4 2F 60 ED
1FED:AD 8G D@ C9 64 96 G3 EE 14 | 224D:AD B8 2F FG GD CE B8 2F CF
1FF5:68 20 66 G1 G2 G3 G1 G2 78 | 2255:AD 27 D@ 49 GE 8D 27 DG AE
1FFD:61 G3 01 66 78 26 81 FF E4 | 225D:18 60 A9 GE 8D 27 DG AD 34
2005:26 8A FF A9 GG 8D 24 DG D9 | 2265:FO 8D 5E 23 AD 16 8D 64 9G
200D:8D 21 D@ A2 GA AG GF 18 AQ | 226D:23 AD 14 8D CB 23 AD Gl EF
2015:20 FG FF A9 39 AG 20 26 ES | 2275:AG GG 26 4A 23 AD EA 8D DS
201D:1E AB 26 25 26 4C 37 1E 6C | 227D:5E 23 A9 16 8D 64 23 AD 3E
2625:A8 8C AD 12 D@ C9 33 DG 94 | 2285:19 8D CO 23 BG G9 AD ES EE
202D:F9 AD 12 BB C9 32 DG FO D7 | 228D:2F 29 G1 DG G2 18 60 78 8A
2035:88 DG EF 66 9A 92 47 41 E@ | 2295:A9 81 8D 64 D4 8D @B D4 CB
203D:4D 45 20 4F 56 45 52 6G DA | 229D:A9 B4 8D BB 2F A2 BG 20 45
2045:26 81 FF 26 8A FF A9 28 C7 | 22A5:ED 1D EE 27 DO CA DG F7 C3
204D:8D FA 2F A2 69 A@ GB 18 1C | 22AD:A9 88 8D G4 D4 8D GB D4 AG
2055:26 F@ FF A9 BD AG 26 20 4D | 22B5:CE B9 2F AE B9 2F 30 3G BB
205D:1E AB A2 GB AG@ GC 18 26 22 | 22BD:FE 29 64 AQ BE 8D 27 D@ AC
2065:FG FF A9 Dl AG 26 26 1E 54 | 22C5:A2 31 AG 96 8E GB DG 8C BB
286D:AB A2 11 AG GA 18 26 FG 3A | 22CD:61 DO AD 16 DG 29 FE 8D 34
2075:FF A9 E3 AG 26 206 1E AB 10 | 22D5:16 DO A2 4B 20 ED 1D EE 41
207D:78 AD 12 D@ C9 33 DG F9 6B | 22DD:G6 DO EE BG DB AG 64 88 BE
2085:A2 0G BD F8 26 8D 21 DG A8 | 22E5:D6 FD CA DG EF 18 58 66 69
208D:8D 26 D@ AG GE AD 12 DG@ DC | 22ED:38 66 A2 GG BD 66 2F 9D 3E
2095:CD 12 DG FO FB 88 10 FS 82 | 22F5:B4 2F E8 EG 14 96 F5 A2 FC | 2555:15 DG 8D 15 DG 4C 66 25 FE
269D:E8 E@ OD 96 ES A2 GD 8E 97 | 22FD:3B A9 GG 9D C7 2F CA 16 C4 | 255D:DE F8 G7 GE 69 25 E8 EB AD
20A5:26 D@ 8E 21 DG AD FA 2F 76 | 2305:FA AS 46 8D 6B 2D 8D 76 BS
2GAD:F@ 06 CE FA 2F 4C 7E 20 39 | 230D:2D 66 A2 G@ 9D 5G G4 9D 2A
2085:AD 08 DC 29 16 DG C2 6G A4 | 2315:60 GS 9D GB G6 9D FS G6 EE
20BD:9F 53 20 45 26 43 26 54 9D | 231D:E8 DO Fl 6@ A2 GG 9D 5G FG
26C5:26 49 20 4F 20 4E 26 2G FB | 2325:D8 9D @@ D9 9D GG DA 9D 1D
26CD:56 20 49 8G 9A 28 43 29 8C | 232D:06 DB E8 DG Fl 66 AD EA EB
26D5:31 39 39 36 26 43 4F 4D 21 | 2335:2F F@ G6 AO G2 AB 20 4A E7
26 4A 23 66 8D C6 23 4D
68 8D C7 23 A2 86 38 8G
G1 D® FOI Gl DB BG G6 27
EA BO 11 99 64 CQ 16 AB
@B OE C7 23 E8 E8 EO 64
968 E4 18 68 AD C7 23 E9
B6 2F FG 49 AS BB 8D 73
23 8D C8 23 AD C7 23 32
10 DG FO G3 EE C9 23 1A
C6 23 2D 16 DG FB B3 3C
C8 23 38 BD 60 DO F9 F6
D@® 8D CA 23 AD C9 23 FC
C8 23 BG 18 38 BO BG 59
FD @6 D@ 8D CA 23 AD 74
23 ED C9 23 D@ G7 AD 9B
23 C9 19 96 @8 4C 67 Al
08 GO BB GB BG CO OB 1F
G2 38 66 AY BB CH G2 DA
03 8D EA 2F CO 64 DO FA
8D EB 2F 8A 4A AA 18 64
Dl 2F D@ 45 AD C3 2F 9A
Nie eeuevooud
WOMVRAUVUPOROAMTOVOMALTOD
3
tw
o
Q
=
=
8
uy
-
=
WW
N
gf
Lo)
G26 COMPUTE OFC INOMBFETRae Ih 990
PROGRAMS
259D:2F
25A5:CB
25AD:C9
25B5:C9
25BD: 69
25C5:4C
25CD: 66
25D5:AG
25DD:Ad
25E5:AG
25ED:D4
25F5:9D
25FD:ED
2605: 26
266D:5F
2615:32
261D:32
2625:E6
262D: 68
2635:C8
263D:AD
2645:D6
264D:1B
2655:9D
265D:16
2665:8D
266D:99
2675:B7
267D:E6
2685:AD
268D:8D
2695:87
269D:66
26A5:07
26AD:F6
26B5:FO
26BD:198
26C5:8D
26CD:D8
26D5:F6
26DD:CA
26E5:26
26ED:E8
26F5:96
26FD:01
2765:CC
276D:AD
2715:27
271D:29
2725:EB
272D:27
2735:98
273D:27
2745:CA
274D:EB
2755:36
275D:27
2765:95
276D:CA
2775:FO
277D:AD
2785:BD
278D:EC
2795:AD
279D:DE
27A5:96
27AD:C9
27B5:EB
27BD:4C
27C5:2F
27CD:BD
27D5:ED
27DD:GE
27E5:BG
27ED:90
27F5:2A
AD
12
18
4c
27
A2
G4
4
G4
1B
26
90
GA
CT)
ao
AS
8c
3c
3c
Da
66
AD
66
Eo
F8
Dg
8D
CE
2F
26
BD
BG
DE
8D
2F
AD
Gl
06
ED
26
FF
2F
60
61
26
2F
ED
02
8D
EB
48
EB
26
2D
cg
EB
4c
26
28
AA
1g
AD
27
23
67
DG
ED
2u
B4
De
AD
27
08
oo
1B
AD
27FD:1B D4 8D 6B
28G5:A9 68 8D EB
280D:63 BA 48 20
2815:FF 26 CA 29
281D:CA 29 AD 6B
2825:D8 64 98 20
282D:AD 6C 28 2D
2835:DE @1 D@ BD
283D:B@ 21 AD 6C
2845:8D 6C 28 DG
284D:BD @1 D® C9
2855:FF 38 ED EB
285D:8D 6C 28 GE
2865:C8 CO 68 90
286D:AD B7 2F DG
2875:26 36 26 8D
287D:D4 29 18 8D
2885:8D EB 27 A2
288D:61 D@ DD 61
2895:61 D@ 4C 9D
289D:8A 48 26 C7
28A5:20 CA 29 20
28AD:28 2D EB 27
28B5:CA 29 28 CA
28BD:EB 27 E8 E8
28C5:C6 6@ AD EB
28CD:F@ 23 AD 10
28D5:D8 1B BD @@
28DD:14 98 AA AD
28E5:EB 27 8D C7
MQoOPONnaaw
2
B
is]
a
o
©
2935:27 8D 17 D@
293D:1B 2A 8D B7
2945:EB 27 A2 06
294D:27 2D EB 27
2955:D@ FE @1 DO
295D:67 96 G6 FE
2965:D@ BD G1 DG
296D:AD ED 27 8D
2975:27 DO 23 DE
297D:D@ AD B4 2F
2985:DE 91 D@ BD
298D:BB GC AI FF
2995:2D ED 27 8D
299D:AD B4 2F AA
29A5:AA 98 20 CA
29AD:C9 G7 96 G4
29B5:68 AA GE EB
29D5:AD CF 2F GA
29DD:8E FE @@ DG
29E5:2A 4D 18 DG
29ED:FF D@ 13 DE
29F5:D8 C9 FF DG
29FD:4D 16 D@ 8D
2A@5:2F AC CE 2F
2A55:01 D4 EG G6
28 8D 6C 28 EF
27 A2 66 AG GD
C7 28 98 A2 3F
26 CA 29 26 F7
28 2D EB 27 7E
CA 29 68 AA 6A
EB 27 D@ 15 FO
G1 DG C9 46 5G
28 @D EB 27 1F
16 FE 61 D@ 69
E4 96 GC AQ 9E
27 2D 6C 28 1F
EB 27 E8 E8 2C
A4 66 OG GG FA
11 20 1B 2A DE
B7 2F AD 1B Fl
6B 28 AQ G8 BS
G6 AG 63 AD BD
DG 98 G6 FE 32
28 DE 61 D@ 8D
28 98 A2 FF AE
CA 29 AD 6B Al
FO G7 98 26 42
29 68 AA GE B4
C8 CO G8 9G 63
27 2D B6 2F 98
D@ 2D EB 27 50
D@ C9 26 BO AB
C7 23 48 AD 97
23 38 26 BA 49
23 68 AD B7 C5
BA 2F E8 E8 93
Cl 2F AQ 46 77
D@ AD 18 18 63
E8 E@ 18 98 82
@6 9D 66 DB 3F
@6 DG E8 E8 9F
AD 16 DG G9 75
AQ F8 8D ED A8
8D 1D DG 26 11
2F AI 68 8D 92
A@ 63 AD ED 66
D@ 25 FE 61 88
AD B4 2F C9 65
@1 D@ FE @1 52
C9 D@ 98 2E 9D
EB 27 8D ED CC
@1 D® DE G1 EB
C9 63 98 G3 AB
Or DG C9 46 A2
38 ED EB 27 E8
ED 27 8A 48 21
CA BD C2 29 86
29 AD B4 2F BC
98 26 CA 29 FC
27 E8 E8 C8 DE
60 FF @l FF 32
FF 8C CE 2F 57
CF 2F 8A AB 92
AA C@ Gl DG A4
DG 26 26 GD 58
8D 16 D@ CB BE
@3 D@ BD G6 83
@9 26 GD 2A 3D
16 D@ AD CF DC
AE CD 2F 66 54
EC CF 2F F@ ED
F7 60 A2 64 7E
D4 2F AD B5 EC
CA 16 Fl E8 CB
E6 8E FB 2F 30
F8 8D 15 D@ 49
C3 2F 28 2A 6C
2F E@ G6 98 78
8E CB 2F 8E F3
BG G5 AI 46 9
OCTOBER
2A75:86 8D
2A7D:8D @B
2A85:A9 G6
2A8D:AC G3
2A95:FO @5
2A9D:48 C9
gaao0orue
Q
o
2AE5:4A 4A
2AED:FB AQ
2AF5:18 A5S
2AFD:FC 69
2BG5:18 AS
2BGD:A5 FC
2B15:FB E9
2B1D:68 85
2B25:C@ 2F
2B2D:65 FB
2B35:85 FC
2B3D:19 8D
2B45:40 24
2B4D:EA 2F
2B55:61 26
2B5D:C7 2F
2B65:AD EA
2B6D:29 FD
2B75:62 DO
2B7D:62 8D
2B85:62 FO
2B8D:98 @D
2B95:15 D@&
2B9D:EB 2F
2BA5:FB 8D
2BAD:@8 AD
2BB5:D@ AD
2BBD:AD G4
2BC5:68 8D
2BCD:FB 8D
2BD5:F@ 61
2BDD:A9 GG
2BE5:D@ 38
2BED:19 D@
2BF5:2C 18
2BFD:62 DO
2C65:68 AD
2C6D:DB 8C
2C15:62 8D
2C1D:59 2c
2C25:18 DO
2C2D:61 FO
2C35:98 D@
2C3D:69 2C
2C45:D8 G9
2C4D:D@ AD
2C55:D@ 8D
2C5D:2F AQ
2C65:8D G4
2C6D:29 GF
2C75:2C 2E
2C7D:198 DG
2C85:D8 C9
2C8D:D8 G8
2C95:18 DO
2C9D:DG 29
2CA5:C9 21
2CAD:G8 AD
2CB5:D8 C@
9980
D4
E8
D4
@B
D4
8D
De
ag
@1
AE
De
co
2F
2F
c8
AD
2F
8D
04
FB
Go
FB
69
29
EC
91
85
E8
Dg
68
6G
61
Fo
2F
8D
Da
16
14
Ag
29
De
15
16
16
DG
EB
15
6G
8D
AD
29
AD
AD
16
63
15
AD
29
63
69
69
4
15
EB
28
D4
AA
AA
29
36
AD
E@
61
96
16
FE
c
°
26
8c
8B
15
Dg
06
06
43
A4
D4
21
9B
Ag
71
TE
ol
A2
BS
EA
CA
29
31
D8
BB
B6
47
99
B6
7B
4E
97
CA
G6
42
E3
F3
BF
AD
cs
BF
pc
o7
06
3E
2B
7c
AD
4D
6E
1E
CF
FS
cD
57
CA
44
94
16
65
AB
95
83
Bl
42
15
B9
F8
G2
46
TE
41
A4
95
36
F4
8D
G-27
GAZETT E COMMODORE 64/128
2CBD:C9 46 99 83 CE
2CC5:@1 D@ GA AD G1
2CCD:B@ 63 EE 61 DG
2CD5:2F D@ 2C AD BE
2CDD:2F F@ 19 AD 1B
2CE5:B@ 12 AD C@ 2F
2CED:AD 1B D4 4A 4A
2CF5:F7 2F D@ @B AD
2CFD:BE 2F A9 78 8D
2D05:64 8D 32 2D A9
2D9D:2D A@ GD 18 B9
2D15:31 2D 8D 31 2D
2D1D:32 2D 8D 32 2D
2D25:AD 1B D4 D9 41
2D2D:AE BE 2F 8E 77
2D35:16 D9 A2 22 8E
2D3D:8E E7 @7 60 FA
2D45:32 14 14 14 14
2D4D:D2 FA 28 28 28
2D55:A@ 78 C8 28 28
205D:CE BD 2F D@ 19
2D65:BD 2F A2 67 18
2D6D:4A 68 4A 28 96
2D75:9D 46 39 CA 19
2D7D:3@ 18 7E 18 36
2D85:68 G6 G0 63 GB
2D8D:18 18 36 36 0@
2D95:60 6G 55 AA FF
2D9D:AA FF AA 55 @@
2DA5:69 69 7D 7D 69
2DAD:64 B9 64 14 19
2DB5:5A 6B BF FE E9
2DBD:69 BE BE BE BE
2DC5:08 50 50 G6 GG
2DCD:50 86 86 8G B86
2DD5:00 406 16 64 @1
2DDD:96 66 G6 6G BO
2DE5:00 66 GB 6G BG
2DED:1B 66 6G GG G1
2DF5:06 06 GG FF G6
2DFD:80 @6 GE G3 63
2E05:0E GE GE GE GE
2E6D:C@ C3 C3 C3 C3
2E15:65 65 16 33 CA
2E1D:65 86 6G F8 GA
2E25:86 68 GB GB GO
2E2D:66 66 66 G6 G1
2E35:FF FF FF 66 60
2E3D:68 86 GG BG G1
2E45:61 FF G68 @@ G1
2E4D:92 9A 26 53 54
2E55:26 9F 31 26 20
2E5D:20 26 9A 48 49
2E65:26 26 26 26 26
2E6D:26 26 9A 31 55
2E75:26 26 26 26 20
2E7D:9B SF SF 5F 26
2E85:20 26 26 20 26
2E8D:26 53 45 43 54
2E95:28 5@ 49 28 92
2E9D:63 @2 G1 62 B2
2EA5:@3 @2 G1 66 G2
2EAD:@2 @2 G2 62 G2
2EB5:61 91 64 65 G1
2EBD:02 82 G2 62 G3
2EC5:@1 @3 G1 62 G1
2ECD:61 G2 @2 62 G3
2ED5:62 @5 93 81 G3
2EDD:63 61 GB G1 G3
2EE5:62 92 G1 G3 62
2EED:@2 G1 G1 G1 G4
2EF5:92 62 62 93 6G
2EFD:63 03 G1 G1 G2
2F@5:61 G1 @2 G2 G2
2F@D:G3 G1 G1 Gl G2
2F15:64 65 6G G2 GG
61
Do
66
2F
D4
8D
69
BF
F7
77
4F
Ag
AE
2D
@4
77
FA
1E
28
28
Ag
BD
G2
EE
7E
ao
66
AA
Go
69
6E
AS
69
i)
@5
Uy)
ao
oo
D8
ao
G6
GE
c3
GA
FF
Go
G1
66
FF
FF
41
26
OF
26
56
20
20
26
49
FF
G2
G2
Gl
G1
G2
Gl
63
gl
G2
G2
62
G2
G2
G2
G2
gl
PROGRAMS
D@ CO AB | 2F1D:62
C9 E6 B4 | 2F25:¢1
CE F7 CA | 2F2D:63
CD C@ 69 | 2F35:62
C9 AG 68 | 2F3D:62
BE 2F 39 | 2F45:02
28 8D F8 | 2F4D:05
2F 8D 39 | 2F55:02
2F AQ 92 | 2F5D:61
8D 31 55 | 2F65:65
2D 6D 1C | 2F6D:92
98 6D 95 | 2F75:GE
C@ 2F 85 | 2F7D:29
B@ 63 78 | 2F85:2A
18 88 El | 2F8p:28
G4 E8 C7 | 2F95:29
C8 64 79 | 2F9D:26
3C 6E 81 | 2FA5:29
28 28 Bl | 2FAD:2A
28 28 14 | 2FB5:Cc3
G4 8D 86 | 2FBD:03
40 39 AG | 2FC5:01
@9 48 99 | 2FCD:49
6@ 7E FD | 2FD5:68
68 6G C2 | 2FDD:48
@@ GC EB | 2FE5:00
GG GG 84 | 2FED:06
55 55 EF | 2FF5:06
@8 14 @C | 2FFD:26
14 10 BF | 3005:60
19 16 41 | 360D:60
94 14 23 | 3615:60
14 6G 64 | 361D:906
G00 G0 3E | 3625:08
@G GG 64 | 362D:08
@6 28 B2 | 3035:00
GG 88 83 | 363D:608
G8 GG 40 | 3045:Ba
@@ 1E SF | 304D:6F
@8 66 5a | 3055:39
GE GE 26 | 305D:Ba
C2 C@ 7D | 3665:F9
GA GA BA | 366D:GE
GA G5 G2 | 3675:6C
@5 G5 GB | 307D:F9
8F GG EG | 3685:58
G1 G@ 97 | 308D:E6
66 GG 91 | 3695:6E
68 GG Al | 369D:3B
GG 13 3D | 36A5:AG
47 45 4E | 30AD:46
20 26 B3 | 30B5:FF
26 28 D2 | 36BD:FF
26 26 Cl | 36C5:96
9F 26 93 | 36CD:55
26 20 D1 | 36D5:E6
26 26 43 | 36DD:9B
12 9A 48 | 3GE5:3C
4F 4E 66 | 3GED:39
@2 G2 DB | 36F5:BG
@2 G1 59 | 3GFD:68
@2 G1 41 | 3105:63
G3 G3 69 | 319D:C3
@2 G2 B5 | 3115:3E
@@ G2 1E | 311D:3E
G3 @1 B6 | 3125:EB
@1 @4 BS | 312D:9E
G1 G3 G6 | 3135:3E
@2 G2 32 | 313D:99
G2 G2 32 | 3145:Fo
@2 G5 EC | 314D:BB
G2 G2 52 | 3155:03
G1 63 E9 | 315D:BF
G2 Gl Al | 3165:BP
G1 G1 78 | 316D:3E
63 63 E3 | 3175:Ba
62
G2
@1
Go
62
G2
06
62
62
G1
D8
66
48
5@
46
48
56
48
50
67
24
Gl
8o
Ct)
6a
Cl)
oo
6a
26
3B
oo
Go
39
Go
Go
3B
G6
39
9B
BE
E6
BS
6F
39
BO
2A
6G
79
Ag
EC
98
2A
06
63
6c
c3
E6
9B
AA
G3
6@
BO
F9
96
7B
CF
BE
Ba
oo
317D:FE CO 63 86 BB GB BO BO FB
318 G@ 6 88 BO BB BB CB BB 74
318 @ 0G 02 BG G3 GB CB 38 4D
319 @ 68 26 26 GF 30 38 24 CB
319) @ 36 G8 8G 86°30 BG 33 DB
31A @ 86 BB BG 38 36 BO 26 AA
31A G 86 BB BB BC BB BC 28 BB
31B 9 99 1B GG 8B BC BB BG AB
31B) G 8B 63 8G GB BB BC B3 AT
31c @ 36 GD 86 83 C3 CO BB 86
31¢c) @ 06 G3 BC 386 OB FG 2C 64
31D @ 6G D8 2C 38 EC D8 D8 2E
31D) @ AC E7 69 36 2F 38 GC 2B
31E iC 2C CH BG 18 BO BB EC 37
31E) @ GC 88 38 3B BB BC F7 46
31F @ 0G E6 8G 86 3B BG BO 2A
31F @ 66 63 CO BC BC BG 3B A4
326 G 63 87 CO G6 F2 BG BB E2
326) @ F@ G3 EC EC 30 DF 6B 88
3215:EC E3 9C E7 GC F8 9A 6C EG
321D:6F 3F 9B 2C 6C 8B
DC 66 63 2C 1A
322D:60 3B FG GG EA CO 36 3A 73
3235:C@ GC E5 CO BG 36 BH BG 9E
323D:8C GG 63 GB BC G3 36 3B 1c
3245:6C 36 DB C3 @C EE FO C3 35
324D:C3 E@ 33 66 A8 3E 5B 9F CC
3255:ED 66 5E EB A3 9B A6 D7 G4
325D:BF F8 E6 CC 3F 26 EF C3 BF
3265:A7 9B 68 EC EC 33 BC 3C 3D
326D:68 C9 FC CF E5 FO 3B £6 31
3275:AC 26 EA F@ FB 3E C@ GC 8C
327D:63 86 63 55 OO GO BG BO 25
TYPING AIDS
MLX, the machine language entry
program for the 64 and 128, and The
Automatic Proofreader are utilities
that help you type in Gazette pro-
grams without making mistakes.
These labor-saving utilities are on
each Gazette Disk and printed in is-
sues of Gazette through June 1990.
_ If you don’t have access to a back
issue or to one of our disks, write and
we'll send you free copies of both of
- these handy utilities. We'll also in-
clude instructions on how to type in
Gazette programs. Please enclose a
self-addressed, stamped envelope.
| Write to Typing Aids, COMPUTE!s
_ Gazette, 324 West Wendover Avenue,
Greensboro, North Carolina 27408.
@28 COMPUTE
ONC VONBPESRS 1/19 90
PROGRAMS
f you enjoy a good game of soli-
taire from time to time, ther. try
your hand at Line-Up. This in-
triguing game of numbers will
keep you entertained for hours.
In Line-Up, a deck consisting of
50 cards (five colored sets numbered
0-9) is randomly laid out in five rows.
The object is to rearrange the cards so
that they’re in ascending numerical
order in rows of the same color.
Getting Started
Line-Up is written entirely in BASIC.
To prevent typing errors, use The
Automatic Proofreader to type it in.
See “Typing Aids” elsewhere in this
section. When you’ve finished typing,
be sure to save a copy of the program.
To play a round, simply load and
tun the program. After a brief pause,
the cards are shuffled and dealt for the
first game.
Playing the Game
Line-Up’s numbered cards are
grouped into five different colors—
red, blue, green, purple, and cyan.
There are also 5 blank yellow cards.
At the start of a game, the cards are
dealt in five rows of 11 cards each.
Your goal is to arrange the cards in
each row by color while at the same
time placing them in ascending nu-
meric order, beginning with 0. You do
this by repeatedly swapping a blank
card with a numeric card.
Your current position is marked
by a large, target-shaped cursor that
appears on one of the blank cards. To
move the cursor to the next available
blank card, press the space bar. You
can move to any one of the five blank
cards unless it follows a 9 card or an-
other blank card.
When you’re ready to move a
card, press Return. The blank card
will change positions with the numer-
ic card that’s the same color as and
one number higher than the card just
to the left of the blank. For example, if
the card to the left of the blank card is
ared 4, then the blank card will be ex-
changed with the red 5. Using this
process, you can eventually move the
cards into the correct order.
If you attempt to swap a card at
the beginning of a row, you'll be asked
to select a color with which to start the
row. Press R (red), G (green), B (blue),
P (purple), or C (cyan). After you’ve
chosen the color, the 0 card in that
color is exchanged with the blank card.
LINE-UP
LOOKING FOR A
NICE, QUIET GAME
OF SOLITAIRE? LINE-UP
FOR THE 64 MAY BE
JUST WHAT THE
DOCTOR ORDERED.
When no more swaps are possi-
MD
136
146
156
166
176
186
198
268
216
226
236
249
259
266
276
286
IFK>@THENIFLO (L,K-1) +1<
>LO (L,K) THEN158
IFVAL (RIGHTS (STR$(LO(L,
K)) ,1)) =KANDLO (L,K)<50T
HEN169
TB (L) =K:FORJ=KTO1@:DK(N
C)=LO (L,J) :NC=NC+1:NEXT
2K=16
NEXT: NEXT: IFNC=SORDL=5T
HEN188
GOSUB478:GOTO3@
SC=6:FORL=0T04
IFLO(L,@) /10>INT (LO (L,9
) /10) THEN226
T=5-VAL (LEFTS (STR$(LO(L
78))2))
SC=SC+TB(L) *T*10-(TB(L)
=16) *166
NEXT
SC=SC-MV*5-DL*106:IFSC<
OTHENSC=0
IFSC>HSTHENHS=SC
PRINT" {HOME}{4 DOWN}"CL
$:PRINTTAB (8) "{UP} {YEL}
SCORE {WHT }"SCTAB (22- (HS
<1600))"{YEL}HIGH{WHT}"
HS
FORL=0T05:GOSUB440:GOSU
B450:NEXT
PRINTTAB (8) "{DOWN}PRESS
ANY KEY TO REPLAY"
POKE198,6:WAIT198,1:SH=
6:DL=@:MV=@:GOSUB620:GO
SUB479:GOTO3@
ble, the program reshuffles the re- ER 299 IFK>@THENT=LO(L,K-1) +1:
maining cards. You have five deals to GOTO349
place the cards in order before the MS 300 PRINT" {HOME}{6 DOWN}"CL
game ends. $: PRINTTAB (14) "{UP}
" {YEL}WHICH COLOR?{UP}":
7 GOSUB456
Line-Up QR 310 POKE198,@:WAIT198,1:GET
HQ 106 REM COPYRIGHT 1998 COMPU GS
TE! PUBLICATIONS, INC. -| JM 32@ FORJ=1T05:IFGS$<>MIDS$("R
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BGPC",J,1) THENNEXT: GOSU
AE 26 GOSUB68G:GOSUB62G:GOSUB4 B426:GOTO310
78 EX 338 T=J*10-10:PRINTCLS
DQ 36 PL=@:FORL=RWTO4:FORK=CLT | JC 340 POKESP,@:FORJ=8T04:FORH
016 =9T019
KJ 40 IFLO(L,K)<50THEN110 EH 350 IFLO(J,H) <>TTHENNEXT: NE
DG 50 IFK>GTHENIFRIGHTS (STRS$(L XT
O(L,K-1)) ,1)="9"ORLO(L,K | PK 368 PRINTLEFTS (CD$,9+L*3)TA
-1)>49THENL19 B(K*3+3)CCS$(LO(J,H))THS
QA 69 PL=1:T=K*24+27:IFT>255TH CD$ (LO (J,H))BHS
ENT=T-256 BF 376 PRINTLEFT$(CD$,9+J*3)TA
EQ 78 POKESX,T:POKESM,-(K>9):P B(H*3+3) "{YEL}"THSCD$(5
OKESY,L*24+116:POKEVL,@: 9) BHS: GOSUB4G6
POKEVL,15:POKESP,1 PD 386 T=LO(L,K) :LO(L,K)=LO(J,
AH 8G POKE198,@:WAIT198,1:GETG H) :LO(J,H)=T
$ PX 396 RETURN
FG 99 IFG$=CHR$(13)THENGOSUB29 | PR 496 POKEAT,1@:POKESR,73:POK
@:MV=MV+1 EWV, 17: POKEHF, 50: POKELF
ED 104 POKESP,@ 18
EA 116 NEXT:NEXT:IFPLTHEN3S EA 410 FORI=1T0333:NEXT: POKEWV
PQ 126 NC=9:LC=6:FORL=@T04:FOR ,16:RETURN
K=6T010 PX 429 POKEHF,5:POKEAT,@: POKES
OCTOBER 1990 COMPUTE G29
a
3
WW
5
3
=
=
8
ui
p=
—
ial
N
|
6
436
440
456
460
476
486
496
506
516
526
530
548
556
560
576
586
596
609
616
628
636
640
656
669
678
689
690
768
719
726
736
746
PROGRAMS
R, 248: POKEWV, 33
FORI=1T0500: NEXT: POKEWV
132:RETURN
POKESR, 240: POKEHF, 50: PO
KELF , 35: GOTO460
POKESR, 225: POKEHF, 33: PO
KELF, 33
POKEAT, 0: POKEWV,17:FORI
=1T099:NEXT: POKEWV, 16:R
ETURN
DL=DL+1:R=RND (-T1)
PRINT" {HOME}{6 DOWN}"TA
B(16)"{YEL}SHUFFLING TH
E CARDS {UP}":GOSUB450
PRINTCDSTAB (13) "{YEL}DE
AL NUMBER{WHT}"DL;
IFSH=Q@THENNC=54:FORL=OT
054:DK(L) =L:NEXT:FORL=6
104:TB(L) =6:NEXT:GOTO53
t]
FORL=6T04:PRINTLEFTS (CD
$,9+L*3) TAB (TB(L) *3+3) ;
FORK=TB (L)TO10: PRINTECS
7 :NEXT: NEXT
FORL=6T099
R1=INT (RND (1) *NC) :R2=IN
T (RND(1) *NC)
T=DK (R1) DK (R1) =DK(R2):
DK(R2)=T
NEXT
T=0:FORL=0T04: PRINTLEFT
$(CD$,9+L*3) TAB (TB (L) *3
+3)7
FORK=TB (L) TO1@: PRINTCCS
(DK (T) ) THSCD$ (DK (T) ) BHS
7 :LO (L,K) =DK (T)
T=T+1:NEXT: NEXT
SH=1: PRINT" {HOME}
{6 DOWN}"TAB (14) "{YEL}P
RESS {WHT}RETURN {YEL}T
oO SWAP"
RETURN
POKE53286,@: POKE53281,8
‘PRINT"{CLR}{8}"TAB (9) "[
~@e(@E (GE (GE[@E(GE
(@e"
PRINTTAB (9)"=,>=.>=/>=:
>=->=7>=<>"
PRINTTAB(9)")*7) *7] *T)*
ql* | “TN
PRINT" {DOWN} {OFF} "TAB (5
) "{WHT}R{RED}ED
{2 SPACES} {WHT}B{BLU}LU
E{2 SPACES}{WHT}G{GRN}R
EEN{2 SPACES} {WHT}P
{PUR}URPLE{2 SPACES}
{WHT }C{CYN} YAN"
RETURN
POKE56334,0:POKE1,51
POKE781,9:POKE782,1:POK
E88,@:POKE89,64:POKE9G,
O:POKE91,216
SYS41964:POKE1,55: POKES
6334,1:POKE53272,38
POKE53272, (PEEK (53272)A
ND24G)OR14
POKE53270, PEEK (53270)OR
16
POKE2046,13:POKE53287,9
:POKE53269,0
POKE53276, 03; POKE53283,9
: POKE53285,1:POKE53277,
1:POKE53271,1
XR
FH
FE
AQ
JR
3h)
MP
BK
CF
BH
FX
MR
DF
HC
XB
HG
CK
XA
DR
kQ
KE
FM
PH
JJ
RC
KC
RA
758
768
776
788
798
800
819
826
830
840
858
860
878
889
890
966
919
920
936
946
956
966
976
986
996
DIM CD$(54) ,CC$(54) ,DK(
54) ,LO(4,10) ,TB(4)
LF=54272:HF=54273:WV=54
276:AT=54277:SR=54278:V
L=54296:POKEVL,15
SP=53269:SX=53248:SY=53
249:SM=53264
FORL=6T09
READT$:CD$(L) =T$:CD$ (L+
16) =T$:CD$ (L+26)=T$:CD$
(L+3@)=T$:CD$ (L+49) =T$:
NEXT
FORL=0TO40STEP10:READTS
?FORK=@TO1G:CC$ (L+K) =TS
:NEXT:NEXT
FORL=58T054:CC$(L) ="
{YEL}":CD$ (L)="{RVS}
{OFF}":NEXT
THS$="(@£{3 LEFT} {DOWN}
=" {BH$=">{3 LEFT} {DOWN}
1*f{2 UP}":ECcS="
{3 SPACES}{3 LEFT}
{DOWN}{3 SPACES}
{3 LEFT} {DOWN}
{3 SPACES}{2 UP}"
CD$="{HOME}{24 DOWN}":C
L$="{OFF}{35 SPACES}"
FORL=832T0895 : READK: POK
EL,K:NEXT
FORL=14336T014847:READK
:POKEL,K:NEXT
RETURN
ee tele Ket Seb br' 1 (y
DATA "£3}","£7}", "{6p",
"E54, "E45
DATA 6,7,240,0,12,24,8,
9,200,0,11,164,6,10,40,
6
DATA 106,49,9,11,104,0,9
1208,0,12,24,0,7,240,8,
(
DATA 6,0,0,0,0,0,0,08,0,
6,0,0,0,0,0,0
DATA 6,6,0,0,0,0,9,0,8,
6,6,0,0,0,,188
DATA 6,255,255,255,255,
255,255,255,0,124,230,2
54,230,230,230,0
DATA @,252,230,252,230,
230,252,0,0,124,230,224
7224,230,124,0
DATA 6,248,236,230,238,
236,248,0,6,254,224,248
1224,224,254,0
DATA 6,254,224,248,224,
224,224,0,6,124,224,238
1236,230,124,0
DATA 6,230,230,254,230,
230,230,0,0,124,56,56,5
6,56,124,0
DATA 6,62,28,28,28,220,
126,0,6,236,248,240,248
1236,230,0
DATA 6,224,224,224,224,
224,254,0,0,227,247,255
1235,227,227,0
1666 DATA G,230,246,254,238
1230,230,0,0,124,230,2
30,230,230,124,0
18018 DATA 6,252,230,236,252
7224,224,6,8,124,236,2
36,236,124,14,08
G30 COMPUTE
OCTOBER
1
SQ
EC
DJ
GJ
HF
SF
cx
BB
ES
AC
PD
BB
ce
CR
BC
XK
KQ
JD
HP
MX
KS
CF
QE
16290
1630
1948
1056
1066
1978
1086
1996
1166
1116
1126
1139
1149
1156
1168
1176
1186
11968
1268
1219
1226
1236
1246
DATA @,252,230,236,252
71 238,230,0,0,126,224,1
24,14,238,124,8
DATA @,254,56,56,56,56
756,0,8,230,236,236,23
@,236,124,6
DATA @,239,230,230,238
7124,56,8,8,227,227,23
5,255,247,227,8
DATA @,198,238,124,124
1238,198,0,0,2306,236,1
24,56,56,56,0
DATA @,254,28,56,112,2
24,254,0,0,15,63,63,63
163,63,63
DATA @,246,252,252,252
7252,252,252,63,63,63,
63,63,63,15,0
DATA 252,252,252,252,2
52,252,240,6,215,125,2
53,245,215,95,127,85
DATA G,6,6,0,0,9,0,0,2
47,215,247,247,247,247
247,213
DATA 162,102,102,0,6,0
7@,0,215,125,253,215,2
53,253,125,215
DATA 245,221,125,125,8
5,253,253,253,85,127,1
27,87,253,253,125,215
DATA 215,125,127,87,12
57125,125,215,85),125;, 2)
53,247,223,223,223,223
DATA 215,125,125,215,1
25,125,125,215,215,125
7125,125,213,253,125,2
15
DATA 255,255,255,255,2
55,255,255,0,215,125,1
25,117,93,125,125,215
DATA 175,175,175,175,1
75,175,175,176,255,255
7255,176,176,255,255,2
55
DATA 176,235,235,235,2
35,235,235,170,171,178
7174,174,174,174,174,1
74
DATA @,124,230,238,246
7230,124,6,0,56,248,56
756,56,254,0
DATA 6,124,206,28,112,
224,254,0,0,124,266,28
714,206,124,6
DATA 6,30,62,110,255,1
4,14,0,0,254,224,252,1
4,206,124,0
DATA @,124,224,252,236
1230,124,6,0,254,206,2
8,56,56,56,6
DATA 6,124,230,124,238
1230,124,06,0,124,206,2
G6,126,14,124,8
DATA 1706,175,175,171,1
75,175,175,170,174,174
7174,174,174,174,174,2
35
DATA 171,174,174,174,1
71,175,175,175,63,63,6
3,63,63,63,63,63
DATA 252,252,252,252,2
52,252,252,252,0,62,190
3,14,28,0,28,9 o
9 920
PROGRAMS
HUD Be EO Reet loa:
our 64’s Sound Interface Device
(SID) chip is a very capable in-
strument. It can play up to three
sounds at once, each with its
own envelope. It can also filter the
voices and combine them synthetical-
ly for enhanced effects.
Now, Sound Master offers you
even greater control over the SID
chip. With this sound-effects editor,
you can completely program the first
160 jiffies of each sound. (A jiffy is
1/60 second.) For instance, you can
start a sound with a sawtooth wave-
form on voice 1, change it to a noise
waveform 10 jiffies later, turn on the
filter 5 jiffies later, and finally turn on
voice 2. While all this is going on, you
can also continuously change each
voice’s frequency and pulse width or
the filter frequency and resonance.
When you’ve finished designing,
Sound Master saves your sounds to
disk or creates an interrupt-driven
sound routine you can add to your
own programs. For greater flexibility,
Sound Master lets you place this rou-
tine anywhere in memory and include
up to 32 separate sounds with it.
Getting Started
This article assumes that you have
some familiarity with the SID chip. If
you need further information on pro-
gramming sound on the 64, Mapping
the 64 (by Sheldon Leemon) and All
About the Commodore 64, Volume 2
(by Craig Chamberlain), from COM-
PUTE Books, and The Commodore
64 Programmer's Reference Guide are
excellent places to start. If you don’t
have any experience with the SID
chip, you may also want to read Larry
Cotton’s “BASIC for Beginners” col-
umn in the July and August 1989 is-
sues of Gazette.
To use Sound Master, first type it
in using MLX, a machine language
entry program. See “Typing Aids”
elsewhere in this section. Load and
run MLX. When MLX prompts you,
respond with the values given below.
Starting address: 0801
| Ending address: 1F38
program, be sure to save a copy to
disk.
To get started, plug a joystick into
port 2 and then type LOAD “file-
name’’,8, where filename is the name
that you used when you saved the
program. To activate Sound Master,
type RUN and press Return. The pro-
gram’s main screen will appear with
the following menu options.
(L)oad File
(S)ave File
(E)dit File
(O)lear Sound
(Q)uit to BASIC
(M)L Routine
SOUND
MASTER
CREATE AND EDIT
COMPLEX SOUND
EFFECTS WITH THIS
DYNAMIC MACHINE
LANGUAGE SOUND
EDITOR FOR THE 64
The first two options, Load and
Save, allow you to store and recall the
sound files that you've created. When
you press L or S, Sound Master
prompts you for a filename. Enter the
name of the sound file you wish to
load or save. If you’re loading a file,
Sound Master searches the disk in
drive 8 for the file you’ve requested. If
you’re saving, it stores the file on the
disk in drive 8. In either case, a disk
uli error will cause the program to
Ros S
When you’ve finished typing in the prompt you with the message Disk Er-
ror: Try again? (Y/N). If you respond
by pressing Y, Sound Master tries the
load or save again; otherwise, it re-
turns you to the menu.
Editing Sounds
Pressing E from the main menu places
you in the sound editor. The editor’s
main screen contains a list of the
available edit screens and the number
keys used to access them (see the fol-
lowing table).
Available Edit Screens
Voice 1 Frequency
Voice 2 Frequency
Voice 3 Frequency
Voice 1 Pulse Width
Voice 2 Pulse Width
Voice 3 Pulse Width
Filter Frequency
Filter Resonance
Sound Points
COBAAMN AWN
To begin editing, press 1, 2, or 3
to set the frequency for a specific
voice. If you’ve already loaded a
sound file, you'll see a line drawn
across the bottom of the screen, indi-
cating how the sound changes over
the 160-jiffy time interval. If you’re
programming a new sound, the fre-
quency will be undefined. The first
point at the left side of the screen rep-
resents the first jiffy of your sound;
the point on the far right represents
the 160th jiffy.
In addition to the frequency line,
you'll also see a pointer on the screen.
Press the joystick left or right to move
the pointer over the range of the
sound interval. To raise or lower the
frequency, press the joystick up or
down, respectively.
The frequency line always follows
the pointer as you move it about the
screen. You can anchor it at a particu-
lar point by pressing the fire button.
After you’ve defined a few points,
press the space bar to hear the new
sound. (If you haven’t loaded another
sound or haven’t set some of the other
parameters, you may not hear
anything.)
OCTOBER
198920 COMPUTE G31
a
3
wy
5
°
=
=
8
hut
-
[=
hu
N
q
So
If you change your mind about a
point you've set, press the S key until
the pointer is on the point that you
want to change. Then press M to
move it using the joystick, or press the
Del key to remove it entirely.
Editor Commands
Screens 1-8
Keypress Function
S Select point
M Move point
Del Delete point
Run/Stop Exit to main menu
Space bar Play sound
1-9 Display screens 1-9
Fire Add point to line
Screen 9
Keypress Function
Crsr keys Move around windows
td fs Increment/decrement
parameter
I Copy to buffer
oO Restore from buffer
S Select sound point
Space bar Play sound
Run/Stop Exit to main menu
1-8 Display screens 1-8
Shift-
Cir/Home Clear parameter windows
Fire Pick up/place points
You don’t have to define a
voice’s frequency for every jiffy of
the time interval; it can begin and end
at any time. You can even leave the
frequency undefined for the entire
interval.
The other edit screens, selected
with keys 4-8, allow you to seta
voice’s pulse width or the filter fre-
quency and resonance for all three
voices. Each of these edit screens is
similar to the one just described, and
each has a joystick and keyboard in-
terface for setting the parameters.
Creating Your Own Sounds
Edit screen 9, Sound Points, lets you
define the remaining sound parame-
ters for each voice. Again, the joystick
and keyboard are your interface for
entering points, only this time, there
are four parameter windows associat-
ed with each point and additional key-
strokes for fine-tuning each voice.
To set a sound point, use the cur-
sor keys to move around the parame-
ter windows; then use the + and —
keys to change the parameter values.
When the parameters are set to your
PROGRAMS
liking, press the joystick left or right
to position the point along the time
interval and press the fire button to
set it.
If you want to see the contents of
an existing point, select it with the S
key and then press the fire button.
This deletes or picks up the point and
copies its contents to the parameter
windows. You can restore the point
by pressing the fire button again with-
out moving the joystick.
To save the contents of the pa-
rameter windows to a temporary buff-
er—the Into buffer—press I. Press O
to restore the values to the windows
or press Shift-Clr/Home to clear them.
To test your sound at any time,
press the space bar. A sound note ap-
pears at the left edge of the screen
(time = 0 jiffies) and moves toward
the right border (time = 159 jiffies).
The note may disappear before it
reaches the right border if the program
determines that there are no more
changes in the sound. (This doesn’t
mean that the sound has finished
playing, it only means that there are
no more changes to be made to the
sound.) The note won’t appear at all if
the only changes for your sound occur
at the left edge of the screen.
If you press the space bar several
times in rapid succession, as many as
three notes will begin moving across
the screen. (Until the first three
sounds finish playing, any additional
keypresses are ignored.) This is be-
cause Sound Master can handle up to
three different sounds at once. If
you're careful while creating your
sounds, you'll be able to activate all
three voices at the same time without
conflicts.
When you set a parameter for a
sound point and then play the sound,
that parameter is sent to the SID chip
even if it’s the same value sent by a
previous point. To pass a parameter
through a point without changing it,
Set it to the blank or no-change posi-
tion. For most sound points, you’ll
probably leave most of the parameters
blank. For example, say you’d set the
voice | gate, wave, attack, decay, sus-
tain, and release values at the begin-
ning of a sound and later turn off the
gate to start the release cycle of the
sound. The best way to accomplish
this is to set only the gate parameter in
the second sound point. The remain-
ing parameters don’t need to be
changed and should be left blank. If
you follow this advice you’ll also save
alot of memory when you create a
sound routine.
When you're ready to exit the
sound editor, press Run/Stop. Press-
ing this key at any time during the
editing process will return you to the
main menu.
More Menu Options
The next two menu options, Clear
Sound and Quit to BASIC, allow you
to clear the current sound from mem-
ory and exit the program, respectively.
Be careful with these commands be-
cause a single keystroke could wipe
out hours of hard work.
The last menu option, ML Rou-
tine, allows you to combine several
sounds into a stand-alone sound rou-
tine. Before you begin, be sure that
you have saved on disk all of the
sounds that you want to use and
know what their filenames are. Once
you’ve done that, press M at the main
menu.
Sound Master prints the number
of the sound that you're loading (you
can place up to 32 in one sound-rou-
tine file) and asks for the first file-
name. Enter the name of the sound
file and press Return. After the file
loads, the program asks ADD MORE
SOUNDS?. Press Y to add more
sounds to the file or N to continue.
When you’ve finished selecting
sound files, Sound Master prompts
you for the starting address of the
sound routine. Enter a value in the
range 512-53248. Next, type the file-
name for the sound-routine file and
press Return. The program will save
the file and return you to the main
menu.
To play the sounds from a sound-
routine file, load it from disk with a
command similar to LOAD “file-
name”,8,1. Next, activate the sound
routine with SYS start, where start is
the starting address of the sound rou-
tine. To begin playing a sound, POKE
2,n, where n is the sound number
(1-32). As we mentioned earlier, you
can have up to three sounds active at
the same time; any sounds activated
after the first three are ignored.
The sound routine is short and
should work with most other pro-
grams. However, it won’t work with
programs that use locations 2 and 3 or
locations 886-1023. Also, programs
=
G32 COMPUTE
OCTOBER
1990
PROGRAMS
that redirect the IRQ interrupt vector | ¢A39:0¢ DC 85 63 46 63 BG G3 @8 | 6C99:04 A2
may not work with Sound Master. GA41:20 7B GA 46 G3 BG G3 2@ EA | 6CA1:85 57
GA49:78 GA 46 03 BG G3 26 6A 51 | BCA9:9E OB
GA51:GA 46 63 BG G3 20 67 GA DB | GCB1:85 F9
Sound Master @A59:46 G3 66 BE A5 28 36 50 85 | 6cB9:18 69
@801:0A G8 GG GG 9E 32 36 36 6C | GA61:20 8D GA 4C Bl GA AD Gl FB | GCC1:FA AG
@809:31 G0 @0 GG AY 22 8D FE Al | GA69:2C AO FF 18 65 57 C9 AG 3C | BCC9:10 FO
@811:FF A9 G8 8D FF FF DG 22 29 GA71:BG G4 85 57 46 28 60 AD 42 | BCD1:F7 9G
0819:68 85 G1 68 A8 68 AA 68 GA | GA79:G1 2C AY FF 18 65 SC C9 27 | BCD9:Da DC
0821:40 48 8A 48 98 48 AS G1 6B] GA81:68 96 68 C9 C8 BG G4 85 22 | BCE1L:F7 99
6829:48 A9 98 48 AD 19 48 8 97 | GA89:5C 46 28 6G A2 BG 8A GA 9C | GCE9:AB GC
6831:48 48 48 A9 37 85 G1 4c 39 | GA91:A8 B5 57 69 GB GA 99 BG 9C | BCF1:20 42
@839:23 GA 78 AO 23 8D 14 G3 81 | GA99:DB AD 16 DO 3D Bl 1c 96 47 | GCF9:40 BO
@841:A9 GA 8D 15 G3 58 26 74 D9 | GAA1:63 1D F9 1B 8D 16 DO BS 73 | GDG1:91 F7
0849:10 26 96 12 2@ 4E 16 26 D7 | GAA9:5C 18 69 32 99 G1 DU 6G 15 | BD9:F7 E6
@851:B8 14 20 £2 1D A9 87 26 B3 | GAB1:4C FC 1D A2 GG 8E EE GA 1B | 6D11:85 8F
6859:17 11 A9 C7 26 17 11 A2 @D | GAB9:BD BA GE 8D 7B 13 BD A6 46 | GD19:2F OD
6861:04 BD F7 08 9D F8 8B 9D E7 | GAC1:@E 8D DC GA BD AB GE 8D C2 | gp21:85 61
6869:F8 CB A9 G1 9D 27 D@ AY G3 | GAC9:DA GA BD BO GE 8D ES GA GBD | GD29:F9 AY
@871:55 95 SC CA 16 EB AQ FC 4A | GAD1:BD B5 GE 8D EA GA AQ 20 BF | gp31:A5 57
0879:AG 08 20 1E AB AY 45 CD 1E | GAD9:A2 G1 AG G9 26 6C 13 26 1D | D39:85 23
0881:36 1F FO G6 8D 36 1F 20 96 | GAE1:24 13 C8 CO 1F DB FS E8 G3 | Bp41:11 Ad
@889:4C 19 26 E4 FE C9 4C DG E8 | GAE9:E@ GB DG EE A2 BG BD AG 71 A5
@891:06 20 £3 18 4C 77 68 C9 C4 | GAF1:@E 85 62 8D Al 13 BD AB 14 Bl
6899:4D D@ G9 26 DD 19 26 4c 87 | GAF9:GE 85 63 BD 22 1C BC 30 E9 18
@8A1:19 4C 77 G8 C9 53 DB G6 G4 | GBG1:1C 26 8F 13 AE EE GA 69 F5 F8
98A9:20 27 19 4c 77 68 C9 45 36 | OBG9:AG 72 FO FB EG G9 FO F7 Fl AQ
G8B1:D0 12 26 68 18 24 55 G9 2E | GB1l1:AD 27 7B 48 24 6F 30 68 G3 A 26
@8B9:20 ED 17 26 75 12 20 81 EF | GB19:CE 27 7B 26 G8 16 AG 72 12 5 F7
G8C1:FF 4C 60 G8 C9 43 DG 24 92 | GB21:AD 27 7B 9D 27 7B 8A 18 75 8 00
@8C9:A9 D8 AG G8 26 4B 1B DG AE | 6B29:69 7B 8D 35 GB AG BG BO 6C 8 AG
@8D1:A5 26 4C 19 4C 77 @8 @D 35 | 0831:30 7B 99 36 7B C8 DG F7 GD D 26
08D9:41 52 45 26 59 4F 55 26 9C | 6B39:68 8D 27 7B 4C @8 10 BD E3 D A2
68E1:53 55 52 45 3F 20 28 59 B3 | GB41:27 7B 8D 27 7B 8A 18 69 8D 7 58
O8E9:2F 4E 29 06 C9 51 DO 9A 1A | GB49:7B 8D 51 GB AG OG BO 30 G4 E AS
O8F1:20 DF 17 4C 44 E5 1C 1D C@ | 6B51:7B 99 36 7B C8 DG F7 38 FA 8 AS
O8F9:1E 1E 1E 93 11 20 12 4c 17 | OB59:66 6F 68 A9 5B 85 SC 78 47 2 61
6901:92 4F 41 44 26 46 49 4c 95 | @B61:206 8D GA 58 A2 Gl 26 BE Cl 5 FE
9969:45 OD 26 12 53 92 41 56 £3 | @B69:GA E8 EO G5 DG F8 AD 1F G8 6 A3
6911:45 26 46 49 4c 45 @D 26 DC | OB71:8D 15 DG AD 86 BD BA G2 99 D 20
@919:12 45 92 44 49 54 20 53 4B | 9B79:28 Cl GD A2 GE AG G9 AD BA 6 AZ
0921:4F 55 4E 44 BD 26 12 43 8E | B81:33 26 24 13 AG 16 AD 34 D3 8 66
6929:92 4c 45 41 52 20 53 4F 5p | @B89:20 24 13 AG 23 AD 35 20 6F A GE
6931:55 4E 44 @D 26 12 51 92 59 | @B91:24 13 AO G4 85 A3 AD GB G2 3 68
6939:55 49 54 206 54 4F 20 42 37 | 9B99:85 FE 26 A4 GD 24 8E 30 C6 4 BO
6941:41 53 49 43 @D 26 12 4D 86 | @BAl:05 78 26 Fl GC 58 20 8C BA 3 AA
6949:92 4c 26 52 4F 55 54 49 A2 | 9BA9:G9 FG F2 C9 63 FB 24 C9 69 5 FE
0951:4E 45 @D 06 26 G1 14 26 CA | GBB1:2@ DG 21 26 BA GB 4C 9E 6B ‘A 8D
6959:41 12 26 A2 1D AQ 67 8D £9 | @BB9:GB A9 77 8D Cl 17 8D 37 44 9 85
6961:20 DO AI 9G 8D 21 DG 26 OF | OBCl:1F AO 1F 8D C2 17 8D 57 73 | GE21:A3 AA
0969:B4 GA AS GG AGB 3D 99 DD 98 | BBC9:1F 26 F7 14 AO G1 8D 9B BF | GE29:60 AS
6971:9D 88 10 FA 85 72 26 68 C4 | BBD1:1E 85 G2 66 A4 FE AG A3 BG 763 BD
0979:18 38 66 6F 4C 86 G9 8A 82 | GBD9:C9 91 DB G5 CA EG BD 9G 28 9 7F
9981:66 C9 G3 FG FB 26 8C G9 28 | GBE1:1B C9 11 D@ G5 E8 EG GD Cl 3 B9
6989:4c 82 69 26 E4 FF AA C9 CB | 6BE9:90 12 C9 1D DG 95 C8 CB C4 8 GE
6991:3A BG EC C9 31 96 E8 E9 AE | GBF1:03 96 G9 C9 9D DG GF BB 42 2 32
6999:36 C5 72 FG E2 85 71 68 GB | GBF9:C@ G3 BG Al 84 FE 86 A3 32 2 32
69A1:68 26 86 GD A9 GG 8D 15 GF | GCG1:26 A4 GD 4C 9E OB C9 2D 9A 7 2A
@9A9:D8 AG 72 EG G9 FG G6 20 62 | BCG9:DG 1F 29 F6 BD A4 A3 BD C4 2 32
69B1:09 6B 4C BF G9 26 B4 GA CC | 6Cll:DD 9D 16 GC 38 E9 G1 D9 87 3 33
69B9:26 41 12 26 89 14 28 C3 11 | GC19:29 16 BG 2A AO OB FO 26 59 Cc 21
69C1:13 A6 71 86 72 EG G9 FG B7 | C21:B9 99 GE 38 E9 Gl 4c 47 F4 3 34
69C9:63 26 46 GB 2G 41 12 A6 EE | 6C29:6C C9 2B DG 24 26 F6 GD CB | GE89:3B 32
69D1:71 26 E4 G9 26 89 14 A5 C6 | 6C31:A4 A3 BD DD 9D 1 GC 18 77 | BE91:20 26
89D9:71 C9 69 FG G3 4C BF GE 1g | 6C39:69 G1 D9 99 GE 9G B7 AY 85 | GE99:92 92
@9E1:4C 5C OB 48 BD 10 @A 8D E6 | 6C41:60 FO G3 BY 29 16 9D DD 4C | BEA1:90 96
69E9:7B 13 8E GB GA A2 GC 86 C9 | 6C49:9D 29 7F 26 2A GE 4C 9E 2D | BEA9:GE 1B
69F1:63 AG 27 A9-26 24 6C 13 CA | 6C51:6B C9 49 DG GE A2 LE BD 8C | GEB1:18 OD
69F9:20 24 13 88 1@ F7 A2 G6 B5 | GC59:DD 9D 9D FC 9D CA 10 F7 7B | BEB9:18 33
GAG1:BD 19 GA 85 62 BD 26 1C 46 | GC61:4C 9E GB C9 4F DG GE A2 Cl | BEC1:A2 98
GAG9:BC 34 1C 26 AF 13 68 6@ G9 | GC69:1E BD FC 9D 9D DD 9D CA E3 | GEC9:36 7B
GA11:22 55 66 22 55 66 44 44 8B | GC71:1@ F7 26 Cl GD C9 93 DB 37 | BEDI:5C 20
6A19:77 GC GC GC GB GB BB GC D4 | GC79:10 A2 1E AY GB 9D DD 9D 7G | BED9:1D 8D
GA21:0C GE A2 G2 BD 7B 63 95 AA | GC81:CA 16 FA 26 Cl @D 4C 9E DD | BEE1:63 DO
GA29:57 26 8F GA E8 EG G5 DG 29 | GcB89:GB C9 53 DB 1A AS G6 FG 75 | BEE9:DG G9
GA31:F3 EE 27 DG EE 28 DG AD 54 |GC91:16 E6 FD A6 FD E4 66 90 BB | GEF1:4C DD
OCTOBER 1990
PUT
a
3
my
5
°
=
=
8
Ly
fim
-
fd
N
g
o)
@EF9:DF GF 4C 24 OF C9 14 DB
@FG1:95 20 DF OF AY 53 C9 53
GFG9:D@ 19 E6 2A A4 2A CC 27
GF11:7B 96 G4 AG GB 84 2A BY
@F19:38 7B 85 57 B9 85 7B 85
@F21:5C 46 28 A5 BE 36 2C 78
GF29:AC 27 7B CO 54 BB 23 BY
OF31:30 7B 88 38 G7 D9 38 7B
GF39:DG8 F8 FO 16 EE 27 7B AC
@F41:27 7B AS 57 99 38 7B A5
GF49:5C 99 85 7B 28 GB 18 20
OF51:23 OD 58 A5 28 16 @3 4c
GF59:DD GE AS 88 85 28 26 65
@F61:0F 4C DD GE AC 27 7B AS
GF69:57 99 38 7B A5 SC 99 85
GF71:7B 26 GB 19 AO BB 85 29
@F79:A6 29 EC 27 7B BO 56 BC
@F81:DA 7B CC 27 7B D@ @4 AS
OF89:6F 16 45 B9 30 7B 85 22
GF91:B9 85 7B 85 23 BC DB 7B
@F99:CC 27 7B D@ 1@ AS 6F 38
GFA1:6C E6 29 A6 29 EC 27 7B
@FA9:B@ 2B BC DB 7B B9 38 7B
GFB1:85 24 B9 85 7B 85 25 AY
G2 85 8F A2 62 B5 22 C9
@FE9:57 D@ F6 BY 85 7B C5 SC
GFF1:D@ EF C8 B9 38 7B 99 2F
GOFF
1061:
PROGRAMS
7D | 11B1:64 85 69
99 | 11B9:24 66 10
55 | 1lCl:FB 11 C6
AE | 1109:22 AS 9A
39 | 11D1:68 38 ES
4D | 11D9:E6 24 28
C4 | 11E1:65 67 85
44 | 11E9:01 BS 24
F4| 11F1:FF 18 69
8A | 11F9:F@ 66 AS
O05 | 1201:BD F5 1B
DE | 1269:A6 8F 3D
11 | 1211:78 AS @1
4B | 1219:A6 23 BD
DB | 1221:84 85 F7
40 | 1229:84 65 61
F6 | 1231:F7 29 66
BD | 1239:85 61 58
D@ | 1241:AD 6@ DD
64 | 1249:94 FO 1F
FA | 1251:D3 13 4C
1259:61 FO @5
1261:A9 AG 85
1269:D3 13 Ad
1271:12 4C D6
A4 | 1279:65 2C A2
D5 | 1281:11 D@ BD
FC | 1289:BD E7 1B
17 | 1291:1B 8D 60
6B | 1299:F7 12 AQ
£3] 12A1:27 AQ F8
FE | 12A9:12 88 10
04] 12B1:20 F@ 12
FD | 12B9:A9 @1 20
7D | 12C1:A9 C7 A2
90 | 12C9:38 18 69
23) 12D1:16 F7 CA
B6 | 12D9:65 Ad G3
2A | 12E1:61 26 ED
F2|.12E9:106 EF AQ
90 | 12F1:F3 12 20
6B | 12F9:EE F7 12
20 | 1361:60 48 8E
36 | 1309:A6 63 A4
39 | 1311:62 A5 62
15 | 1319:06 85 62
78 | 1321:68 68 66
55 | 1329:69 13 29
13} 1331:GA GA 26
56 | 1339:29 G1 18
32 | 1341:6A GA AB
4B] 1349:B9 30 84
91] 1351:F9 206 86
D6 | 1359:38 86 85
AA | 1361:91 F9 88
B9 | 1369:66 68 66
71] 1371:F7 AQ D8
A5 | 1379:F8 AQ GG
85] 1381:AD 6@ DD
DF | 1389:AG 2C AQ
97 | 1391:13 8c 99
ED | 1399:FF FO 12
98 | 13A1:06 84 62
D2 | 13A9:62 13 E8
D7 | 13B1:13 8c B9
ORB! ERE 4 «9)-9) 0
69
26
Do
65
BO
9A
4c
22
95
A8
33
12
Ag
85
38
F8
06
Ur)
95
AG
12
61
26
85
A2
BD
1B
18
68
8D
69
AG
10
12
AG
26
EF
69
88
20
12
03
13
26
28
63
8E
38
85
8c
GA
7D
79
AG
F9
BD
7D
F7
95
28
A2
6D
63
E9
A2
4A
E8
G1
65
04
AS
ca
BS
66
29
12
8D
Oo
18
86
AG
91
55
FO
85
AQ
4c
7B
61
@4
El
8D
Dg
Ag
F8
08
LF
FA
88
07
F6
Ag
ol
16
FO
8D
EE
8c
24
96
A2
67
E9
F7
85
OA
76
DG
67
A2
FO
99
68
De
66
CT)
DG
Da
66
Ut)
1D
AG
c7
Al
the
oF
9D
DS
43
1E
32
23
D8
c7
63
69
CA
1c
EA
76
E3
60
AB
E9
DD
19
74
2D
1c
DO
G1
4P
Al
D3
3D
D6
1D
73
AC
32
B3
BA
4D
B4
F3
Al
B6
99
83
D2
E3
A8
53
1A
DB
4B
68
cg
76
c4
59
37
28
64
7D
13B9:FE
13C1:F5
13C9:66
13D1:57
13D9:FO
13£1:61
1L3E9:A8
13F1:C8
13F9:13
1461:A9
1409:66
1411:9D
1419:CA
1421:A6
1429:14
1431:99
1439:F7
1441:D6
1449:8D
1451:58
1459:8D
1461:A5
1469:6F
1471:AA
1479:D8
1481:C6
1489:26
1491:8D
1499:00
14A1:06
14A9:EEB
14B1:EE
14B9:6B
1L4C1:E9
14C9:AG
14D1:9D
14D9:88
14E1:FA
14E9:86
14F1:D4
14F9:17
1501:F6
1509:8A
1511:85
1519:A9
1521:85
1529:7B
1531:A2
1539:6D
1541:66
1549:98
1551:A8
1559:17
1561:C7
1569:8D
1571:9D
1579:A8
1581:A9
1589:9D
1591:9D
1599:Ba
15A1:6B
15A9:B5
15B1:E5
15B9:85
15C1:c@
15C9:A5
15D1:c@
15D9:F7
15E1:3D
15E9:47
15F1:26
15F9:BE
1661:BD
1669:BE
1611:49
13
ao
14
BO
Da
Go
40
EE
EE
68
Ct)
9D
CA
14
AG
99
14
57
Ag
BO
Ag
AQ
Ag
9E
76
E9
8D
78
A2
06
EE
Gl
14
Dl
89
9D
60
F3
oF
FD
14
OL
7B
18
FB
60
E8
OB
15
4c
FB
8D
16
F9
26
15
38
Fl
66
85
oo
ES
BO
26
AA
AC
co
26
15
6G
ce
68
EO
DG
Da
1c
93
co
D6
a9
ED
ol
99
13
85
Oo
9D
cg
De
EO
AQ
EG
36
78
8D
62
8D
85
B9
48
EE
85
14
OL
AG
ce
14
46
py
88
4a
99
18
8F
B3
Go
c2
30
ES
7B
18
68
a9
48
AA
17
88
15
co
B9
17
co
Cr)
Ag
6B
8A
ES
85
Ag
06
7E
20
AS
AG
Bl
ce
B9
F9
DG
AA
B9
16
PROGRAMS
1619:GA GA GA 26 CG 17 C8 Ce C4 1AD9:84
1621:28 99 BA 69 18 26 46 86 EG 1AE1:FF
1629:99 98 98 96 99 92 86 86 8D 1AE9:2¢
1631:88 86 98 94 96 9G 92 86 45 1AF1:F9
1639:85 86 86 99 98 99 98 92 59 1LAF9:1D
1641:88 886 86 86 96 96 98 18 ES 1BG61:FE
1649:18 18 18 64 G4 G5 G5 G6 GF 1B69:D2
1651:06 G4 G4 17 6B GB GC BC 1C 1B11:AD
1659:6D @D @B GB 17 12 12 13 99 1B19:A9
1661:13 14 14 12 12 17 EF DF 6C 1B21:D6
1669:BF 7F FE GF GF FO OF FG 71 1B29:4C
1671:FB FD FE FE OF GF FG OF 96 1B31:A9
1679:F6 FB FD FD FE GF OF F@ FF 1B39:68
1681:0F FO FB FD FB 80 08 G8 BO 1B41:A9
1689:08 G8 FF 86 48 86 46 GG 42 1B49:EE
1691:09 66 GO FF 86 48 86 46 64 1B51:C9
1699:69 G6 GB OG FF 8G 46 88 C8 1B59:C9
16A1:48 G3 GG GG 8G 87 8E 9D CA 1B61:2C
16A9:A4 AB B4 B2 99 AG A7 9B GF | 1969:4C 19 AD 18 AG 19 26 1E 26 | 1B69:4E
16B1:A2 A9 AE B® AI BB 85 26 FB | 1911:AB 20 E4 FF FG FB 6G GD G3 | 1B71:26
16B9:85 27 85 6D A5 6E FG 10 D2 50 52 45 53 53 26 41 4B D1 | 1B79:54
16C1:4A 18 65 6B 85 6B 98 G2 79 26 4B 45 59 G6 26 61 32 | 1B81:4E
16C9:E6 6C A5 6B G5 6C DG Bl 6C F@ DF A2 68 AG G1 26 2F | 1B89:9D
16D1:68 AG G8 24 6C 36 G7 88 54 FF AQ OG 85 F7 AQ 8D E2 | 1B91:26
16D9:96 6B 26 6C 18 F9 24 6E 8E F8 AQ F7 AE 5D 18 AC E8 | 1B99:6D
16E1:36 @5 C8 66 6E 16 F7 46 CA 18 26 D8 FF 26 A2 19 19 | 1BA1:45
16E9:6C 66 6B 46 6E 66 6D 98 38 6B 19 A9 6G 8D 5D 18 2B | 1BA9:3F
16F1:38 1D A5 6B 38 ES 6D AA C7 8D 8D SE 18 A2 69 AQ 5A | 1BB1:00
16F9:A5 6C E5 6E 98 G4 86 6B C4 2@ 5C 18 CA DG FA 66 9G | 1BB9:42
1701:85 6C 26 26 26 27 BG 67 6A 93 2C A9 GD 26 16 E7 6A | 1BC1:93
1769:G6 6B 26 6C 88 18 E3 68 4D 97 AG 19 26 1E AB AG 6D | 1BC9:20
1711:AD Cl 17 38 ED F5 14 8D E9 26 CF FF C9 6D FG G8 12 | 1BD1:9D
1719:48 17 85 FB AD C2 17 ED 36 69 9D C8 CG 16 DG F1 D4 | 1BD9:20
1721:F6 14 8D 4F 17 85 FC D@ 16 5C 1B 98 FO OF AE 99 Fl | 1BE1:3F
1729:69 A5 FB C9 68 BG G3 4C BE EG 26 FG G8 A2 G9 AG 53 | 1BE9:D8
1731:BE 17 A5 FB 18 69 @4 85 EC 20 BD FF 98 66 46 49 6E | 1BF1:C@
1739:FB 96 G2 E6 FC 46 FC AS D8 45 4B 41 4D 45 3F 26 3F | 1BF9:01
1741:FB 6A 29 FC 85 FB AQ @@ 6C 26 5C 1B AS GG 85 G4 75 | 1CG1:FE
1749:38 E5 FB 85 65 A9 GG E5 99 BD FF AQ GF A2 68 A8 Bl | 1C89:86
1751:FC 85 64 AS GB 38 ES 65 2C BA FF 26 C@ FF A2 GF FE | 1C11:01
1759:8D 66 17 A8 FG G2 E6 G4 BE C6 FF 26 E4 FF A6 G4 28 | 1C19:62
1761:AD F5 14 38 E9 @@ 85 F7 3C 1B OF E6 64 26 D2 FF 32 | 1C21:63
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n evil syndicate has stolen the
security numbers for the nation-
al defense system and stashed
them in their underground
vaults. Your job, if you choose to ac-
cept it, is to unlock the vaults and re-
cover the stolen numbers. Since the
air surrounding the vaults is laced
with cyanide gas, you'll need the assis-
tance of a Mobile Datalink Robot—
special model MDR007—for the job.
Codebusters is a one-player guess-
ing game that requires deductive rea-
soning skills and a good memory, In
this game, you must use your robot to
decode the four security panels that
control the lock for each vault. A
destruct-timer and a pesty security
robot add to the suspense.
Getting Started
Codebusters is written entirely in ma-
chine language. To type it in, you’ll
need MLX, a machine language entry
program. See “Typing Aids” else-
where in this section. When MLX
prompts you, respond with the values
given below.
Starting address: 0801
Ending address: 17D0
After you have finished typing in the
program, be sure to save a copy of it
BUSTERS
HERE'S A
CHALLENGING
MEMORY GAME FOI
THE 64 THAT
REALLY ENJOY.
JOYSTICK REQUIRED.
before exiting MLX.
Although written in machine lan-
guage, Codebusters loads and runs like
a BASIC program. When you're ready
to play, plug your joystick into port 2;
then load the program and type RUN. | or right. Once the robot is aligned
G36 COMPUTE
OCTOBER
1990
TYPING AIDS
MLX, the machine language entry
program for the 64 and 128, and The
Automatic Proofreader are utilities
that help you type in Gazette pro-
grams without making mistakes.
These labor-saving utilities are on
each Gazette Disk and printed in is-
sues of Gazette through June 1990.
If you don’t have access to a back
issue or to one of our disks, write and
we'll send you free copies of both of
these handy utilities. We'll also in-
clude instructions on how to type in
Gazette programs. Please enclose a
self-addressed, stamped envelope.
Write to Typing Aids, COMPUTE’s
Gazette, 324 West Wendover Avenue,
Greensboro, North Carolina 27408.
A title screen will appear. To proceed,
press the fire button.
Open the Vault
As the game begins, you find yourself
in front of a vault where the missing
security numbers are located. Before
you are the four separate security pan-
els which must be decoded before the
vault doors will open. To decode each
panel, you must determine its five-
digit access code. To assist you in de-
coding the panels is a Mobile Datalink
Robot, initially located offscreen to
the left.
To control the robot, as well as to
issue any other commands, use the
command line window at the bottom
of the screen. To scan through the
command line selections, move the
joystick up or down. Press the fire
button to execute the command
shown.
To activate your robot, select the
Robot Movement Control command.
When you press the fire button, the
message Motor Controls Engaged will
appear on the command line; you can
now move the robot. To position the
robot in front of one of the four pan-
els’ connectors (the connectors are at
your robot’s eye level, just to the left
of each panel), move the joystick left
with a connector, disengage the motor-
controls command by pressing the fire
is successful in disconnecting your ro-
bot, you'll lose five decoding attempts.
PROGRAMS
$961:D5 AA 57 D5 7D 57 D5 7D C3
@969:57 DS 7D 57 D5 7D 57 DS EA
button. Then, select the Analyzer To prevent this from happening, un- | 8972: 70 37 05 oe eee ee
Hook Up command to connect the plug the MDRO007 from the panel 0981:FF FF FF FF FF D5 41 57 C4
robot to the panel. yourself. This keeps you from losing 6989:D5 C3 57 D5 C3 57 D6 82 6B
You're now ready to attempt to any attempts, but it also causes the 6991:97 D5 82 57 DA 82 A7 E9 C4
decipher the panel’s access code. five-digit number that’s currently 9999:C3 6B DA 82 A7 DS 82 57 DC
Choose the Enter Code Selection com- | showing on the decoder to be erased. | 2923:28 82 ae Be ee tae veeacegan
mand to select a number using your Therefore, be sure to memorize the 69B1:C3 57 D5 41 57 FF FF FF @5
joystick. A hyphen will appear under code before you disconnect your G9B9:FF FF FF FF FF FF F3 FF B3
the rightmost digit in the access code. | robot. G9C1:FF FF FF FF FF D5 @@ 57 82
To increase or decrease the value of If you find that the guard robot ee oe DTDs ee ne Fees
this digit, move the joystick up or comes around too often, you can de- 89D9:96 DB EA @@ AB D6 6G 97 9G
down, respectively. To locate the hy- crease the frequency of its appearance | 99£1:DA @@ A7 D7 GG D7 D7 BG E2
phen under another digit, move the by POKEing a number between 140 G9E9:D7 D7 OG D7 D7 BB D7 D7 Al
joystick left or right. When you've fin- | and 255 in location 3319 (the current | 29F%:08 D7 D5 ga BU EE ey eee
ished entering the five-digit number, value is 140). To do this, justload the | gagi:pr rr PF FF FF D4 0017 7F
press the fire button to activate the program, POKE thegiven value,and | gago9:pc g¢ 37 DC G6 37 E8 GO EE
command line. Then select the Trans- | then run the program. You can also GA11:2B D8 6G 27 E8 GG 2B DC DD
mit Data to Panel command to relay | change the color of your robot ina 8019266 37 \B8 00 2B :D8 00927 EB
your guess to the panel. similar manner; just POKE a given RELL E St ee OS Sele ID) ae
~ : GA29:37 DC 60 37 DC GG 37 DC B5
The Decode Analyzer evaluates color value (0-15) into location GA31:06 37 D4 G0 17 FF FF FF 66
your response and reports back to you | 3378. GA39:FF FF FF FF FF FF F3 FF 35
with a color code for each digit. If the SAAT IEE SEE SE Rene EER CURdeag3 5B
color is green, then the digit is correct. ELS CIES CLC ey CEs CO
fit’ A Codebusters GA51:93 CO GG G3 CO GO G3 CO 14
Fit’s red, then the correct number is GA59:08 03 CO 68 G3 CO BB G3 64
higher. Yellow indicates that the cor- @861:GC G8 G1 GG 9E 26 32 38 4B | GAG1:CG BB G3 CB GG G3 CO BB CF
rect digit is lower. When you’ve cor- 9809:31 38 G6 GG GB 21 21 2B Bl | 6A69:G3 CH BB G3 CB GB G3 CB 2c
ra ad, at 9 9811:2B 2B 2B 25 66 G6 GB GG 39 | GA71:00 G3 CO GO O3 FF FF FF 76
rectly identified all five digits, you'll | 5g19:4g ga a0 0 26 20 20 03 ED |GA79:FF FF FF FF FF FF F3 00 75
receive 500 points. Toggle the Analyz- | gg21:aF 04 05 62 15 13 14 65 9C | a81:@@ G0 GG BG GG GG GB BG 95
er Hook Up command to unplug the 6829:12 13 24 20 26 28 G3 29 DD | 6A89:62 22 GG 26 20 26 GB 88 33
MDRO007 and then move on to the 0831:20 31 39 39 36 26 03 GF 6F | GA91:08 G8 20 8G 86 AB GB BO 6A
. : D 16 15 14 G5 21 15 G1 8F | GA99:A8 GG 22 AA 26 G2 AA GO 4F
next panel. When you've activated all 4 G0 G7 15 GG G7 6A 8G 1F | BAA1:63 AB GG GG EC GO GG FC 86
four panels, the vault doors will open, 7 9F CO G7 EA AG G7 EA 20 | GAA9:00 GO 30 GO GG 30 GO GG B4
revealing the stolen security numbers. 4 G5 E6 A4 G7 D6 97 Gl DF | GAB1:10 GG G1 55 OG G1 55 GB Fl
The value of the security numbers are F 57 67 EE 97 G3 EE A4 12 | GAB9:90 GG GO BO BB BO 4D FF 68
3 AA A4 GO AA 86 GO FF 89 | GAC1:FF FF FF FF FF F5 55 5F B7
then/added to your score, To 'advance @ 62 66 66 GO FF CO 02 BO | GAC9:F5 55 SF F5 55 5F F5 55 E2
to the next vault and begin the entire 6 60 66 FF C@ GG FF C@ 93 | GADI:5F F6 AA 9F F6 AA 9F F6 3B
Process anew, press the fire button. 6 3F G6 GG G8 GO 47 GO 28 | GAD9:AA OF F6 AA OF F6 AA OF 82
5 50 GG 15 34 G8 AA 74 E4 | GAE1:F6 AA 9F F6 AA 9F F6 AA EB
Security Alert! @ FD B4 G2 AA F4 @6 AA AF | GAE9:9F F5 55 SF F5 55 SF F5 A5
re eden 4 06 A6 D4 35 AS F4 35 1F | GAF1:55 5F F5 55 5F FF FF FF 97
Failing to identify the access codes for E 50 35 AE F4 G6 AE FG 9C | GAFO:FF FF FF FF FF FF 63 90 GE
the four panels within 50 guesses or 6 AA BG GB AA 8G GG FF CC | GBG1:06 AQ 93 20 D2 FF AS GA E9
within nine minutes ends the game. If, @ G2 66 60 GG FF CG 62 FG | GBG9:8D 24 DG AY GG 8D 21 DG EB
wever, you’re successful 6 60 GG FE CO G@ FF C@ D3 | GB11:A2 18 A9 GG 9D BG D4 CA 15
bo ti UC aie re @ 3F GG 6G G8 GG 47 GG 68 | 6B19:10 F8 AY GA BD 18 D4 AD 6B
Cine ® ees 4 GG 66 37 66 GO 77 40 76 | GB21:C8 8D B5 D4 BD G6 D4 Ad C4
time you open a vault, you'll receive @ B7 86 62 B7 AG G2 F7 34 | GB29:21 8D O4 D4 A2 10 BD 2E FF
10 bonus guesses. Your current score @ G6 DS E4 G5 F7 D4 GE 9C | GB31:G8 9D 13 66 BD in ae 2 a
i scree’ ine-min D 6C GE F7 EC GE FF EC 81 | 6B39:C3 65 AD EF CF 9D C3 D9 7E
(ice pele Be eae ae 2 BF AG GG AE 8G GG FF 6E | GB41:9D 13 DA CA 16 E8 EE FF F4
timer (lower left), your high score (up- @ G2 66 6G GG FF CG G2 31 | GB49:CF AD FF CF 8D @@ D4 49 GF
per left), your best time to open a 6 60 GO FF CG GG FF CG 14 | @B51:FF 29 OF 8D Gl D4 CE EF 55
vault (upper right), and the number of | o8r9:00 3F G@ 6G 68 G@ 47 GG AS | GB59:CF pp ae AD au 2 © fe ag
ini wer right) are all | 4901:04 6@ 6G 37 G@ GG 77 40 B7 | GB61:8D D@ AD
gusased remaining (lo ecHiah) 9909:00 B7 8@ 62 B7 A@ G2 F7 75 | BB69:DG C2 A2 16 BD 1A GD 9D FB
displayed.
leh . @911:E6 G6 DS E4 G5 F7 D4 GE DD | GB71:06 D@ BD 2B GD 9D 20 DG 16
Figuring out the access codesis | g919:59 6c @B F7 EC GE FF EC CO | @B79:CA 10 Fl A2 Q7 BD GE 98 B4
not the only problem you'll encounter | g921:92 BF AG GG AE 8G GG FF AF | @B81:9D F8 G7 CA 16 F7 AS 48 26
in Codebusters. Periodically, a securi- | 6929:C@ G1 99 99 96 FF C@ G1 9A | GB89:8D 17 DO BD tg Be a BE 0:
i 6931:99 94 GG FF CO 06 FF CO FA |‘0B91:8D 15 DO 8D
ty robot willlappean end eey ton DIUe 0939:00 3F G0 GG G4 OG 47 FF C9 | 6B99:8D GE D4 8D OF D4 AD 8G OD
the MDR007 from a panel. A red G941:FF FF FF FF FF D5 55 57 AC | @BA1:8D 12 D4 AG 27 AQ AG 99 62
warning light will flash on your on- 0949:D5 7D 57 D5 7D 57 D5 AA 8D | BBA9:GG G4 99 28 G4 99 99 G5 23
screen control panel for four seconds | 6951:57 D5 69 57 D6 AA 97 DA 92 | @BB1:99 B8 @5 99 EO G5 99 BB 53
before the guard appears. Ifthe guard | 6959:7D A7 D6 AA 97 D5 69 57 D7 | GBB9:86 99 36 G6 99 58 G6 99 73
OCTOBER 1990 COMPUTE G37
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O5
20
26
26
26
8c
26
CF
@2
G6
@5
OF
CF
21
Ol
20
CE
8D
cD
cD
Fl
8D
20
A3
F2
ol
96
CE
F3
2E
16
A4
06
a5
10
60
OA
EE
CF
F2
AD
66
Ol
BO
BO
BO
2D
8D
14
DB
39
CF
F3
38
16
OF
a5
12
20
1A
20
oo
12
05
26
ol
G1
ol
12
14
63
20
26
OF
20
20
A2
56
De
G2
09
63
14
AD
8D
D4
8D
CE
BG
Ag
66
CF
cD
BF
CE
CF
60
G1
AD
CF
15
FS
CE
6G
BD
F7
EE
De
F2
co
CF
F3
8D
8D
8D
8D
8D
DB
36
ag
8D
DB
Ag
60
15
mo
14
GE
OF
20
6S
15
26
26
oc
26
GE
14
GE
65
OF
OF
20
20
16
20
GG
32
57
Go
G2
gc
OF
GF
PROGRAMS
3C | 1541:0F
SE | 1549:05
B5 | 1551:20
C3 | 1559:Fd
AB | 1561:8D
94 | 1569:9D
87 | 1571:8D
E2 | 1579:CF
Bg | 1581:D4
F6 | 1589:68
7B | 1591:6E
E2 | 1599:60
F6 | LSAL:FF
17 | 15A9:FO
c9 | 15B1:49
F6 | 15B9:65
41 | 15C1:09
D6 | 15C9:29
Je | 15D1:67
Ag | 15D9:8D
7A | 15E1:16
74 | 15E9:16
51 | 15F1:AD
B3 | 15F9:A9
C4 | 1661:61
43 | 1669:17
16 | 1611:17
C5 | 1619:60
BE | 1621:8D
55 | 1629:CD
AS | 1631:8D
DS | 1639:a9
AF | 1641:6B
ca | 1649:66
SA | 1651:16
28 | 1659:05
c3 | 1661:63
48 | 1669:01
7B | 1671:28
6D | 1679:6D
A6 | 1681:FF
29 | 1689:D8
EC | 1691:67
D3 | 1699:CF
A8 | 16A1:CF
FE | 16A9:CF
32 | 16B1:FC
CA | 16B9:CD
Dl | 16C1:8D
D3 | 16C9:8D
51 | 16D1:63
41 | 16D9:AD
AA | 16E1:27
AQ | 16£9:96
9c | 16F1:D8
BE | 16F9:16
95 | 1701:4F
7E | 1769:CF
21 | 1711:9D
7p | 1719:CF
48 | 1721:CE
DF | 1729:49
15 | 1731:88
E5 | 1739:AD
DA | 1741:29
cg | 1749:69
DF | 1751:F6
22 | 1759:c4
73 | 1761:CF
AF | 1769:67
44 | 1771:CF
47 | 1779:8D
91 | 1781:CF
1F | 1789:31
1791:1A
ag
DD | 1799:A3
@9
@7 65 64 20 DE
13 AD FA CF A3
51 14 A9 67 7F
@6 BD 9F 15 98
16 F7 AQ 11 6E
2A GE AD E6 CB
AQ 63 8D 61 63
26 A6 15 AD FS
DG E8 28 2A AS
@4 D4 60 AD E9
16 60 FF 63 63
F9 CE 19 16 9E
18/16) 29) 7F SE
CE 1A 16 D@ 07
F8 G7 66 AD 60
16 AD 18 16 FO
AQ 22 8D F8 CF
@1 D4 Ad BA 5C
17 16 EE 17 67
17 16 CE 17 60
8D G8 D@ 68 3D
08 FG 61 66 B4
67 AOI 67 8D FC
8D 1A 16 EE A8
CE 17 16 AD 3D
DO 68 6G BG 68
78 AD 14 63 1B
15 63 8D 61 79
14 63 AI 16 DO
G3 8D OC D4 OF
D4 AQ 41 8D DF
8D 18 D4 58 1D
DG Gl 60 AD E7
CE 11 CF D@ 73
16 CF 60 CE 9A
CF 29 @1 FO FE
DO 49 6B 8D BS
CF 29 61 DG Al
AD 62 DB C9 16
BG 16 CE 62 8D
BO 16 AD F9 B2
F9 67 AD @1 15
G1 CF CE 07 E4
17A1:A2 CE 69 B@ 8D 26 64 AD BB
17A9:Al CE @9 B@ 8D 27 64 AY 43
17B1:BA 8D 25 64 26 9F 13 A2 CD
17B9:;11 BD ED 6D 9D 60 @4 CA 2E
17C1:16 F7 A2 65 BD A4 CE 99 Cl
17C9:B@ 9D GB 94 CA 18 FS 68 3C
The Automatic Proofreader
See article on page 24.
10 VE=PEEK (772) +256*PEEK (773) :
LO=43:HI=44: PRINT" {CLR}
{WHT }AUTOMATIC PROOFREADER
{SPACE}FOR ";
20 IF VE=42364 THEN PRINT "64"
30 IF VE=17165 THEN LO=45:HI=4
6:GRAPHIC CLR:PRINT"128"
46 SA= (PEEK (LO) +256*PEEK (HI) ) +
6:FOR J=SA TO SA+166:READ B
:POKE J,B:CH=CH+B:NEXT
5@ IF CH<>20570 THEN PRINT "*E
RROR* CHECK TYPING IN DATA
{SPACE}STATEMENTS": END
60 FOR J=1 TO 5:READ RF,LF,HF:
RS=SA+RF:HB=INT (RS/256) :LB=
RS- (256*HB)
76 CH=CH+RF+LF+HF:POKE SA+LF,L
B:POKE SA+HF,HB:NEXT
80 IF CH<>22054 THEN PRINT "*E
RROR* RELOAD PROGRAM AND CH
ECK FINAL LINE":END
9@ IF VE=17165 THEN POKE SA+14
+22:POKE SA+18,23:POKESA+29
7224: POKESA+139, 224
10@ POKE SA+149,PEEK(772) :POKE
SA+15@,PEEK(773) : PRINT"
{CLR}PROOFREADER ACTIVE"
110 SYS SA:POKE HI,PEEK(HI) +1:
POKE (PEEK (LO) +256*PEEK (HI
)-1,0:NEW
126 DATA126,169,73,141,4,3,169
13,141,5,3,88,96,165,20,133
7167
130 DATA165,21,133,168,169,0,1
41,0,255,162,31,181,199,157
7227
14G DATA3,262,16,248,169,19,32
7216,255,169,18,32,210,255,
160
15@ DATAG,132,180,132,176,136,
230,180,266,185,0,2,240,46,
261
166 DATA34,208,8,72,165,176,73
7255,133,176,104,72,261,32,
208
17 DATA7,165,176,208,3,104,26
8,226,164,166,180,24,165,16
7
189 DATA121,6,2,133,167,165,16
8,165,6,133,168,202,208,239
1248
196 DATA262,165,167,69,168,72,
41,15,168,185,211,3,32,216,
255
206 DATA1G4,74,74,74,74,168,18
5,211,3,32,210,255,162,31,1
89
216 DATA227,3,149,199,262,16,2
48,169,146,32,210,255,76,86
137
220 DATA6S, 66,67,68,69,70,71/7
2,74,75,77,80,81,82,83,88
230 DATA 13,2,7,167,31,32,151,
116,117,151,128,129,167,136
o
7137
OCTOBER
il! 9ESAO: COMPUTE G39
a
3
Wi
5
9
=
=
8
rh
fa
In
aj
|
eg
Lo)
HOW TO TYPE IN
Each month, Gazette publishes pro-
grams for the Commodore 128 and
64. Each program is clearly marked by
title and version. Be sure to type in
the correct version for your machine.
All 64 programs run on the 128 in 64
mode. Be sure to read the instructions
in the corresponding article. This can
save time and eliminate any questions
which might arise after you begin
typing.
We regularly publish two pro-
grams designed to make typing easier:
The Automatic Proofreader, for
BASIC programs, and MLX, for en-
tering machine language programs.
When entering a BASIC pro-
gram, be especially careful with
DATA statements, as they are ex-
tremely sensitive to errors. A mis-
typed number in a DATA statement
can cause your machine to “lock up”
(you'll have no control over the com-
puter). If this happens, the only re-
course is to turn your computer off
and then on, erasing what was in
memory. This could cause you to lose
valuable data, so be sure to save a pro-
gram before you run it. If your com-
puter crashes, you can always reload
eae Blige:
Special Characters
Most of the programs listed in each is-
sue contain special control characters.
To facilitate typing in any programs
from Gazette, use the following listing
conventions.
The most common type of con-
trol characters in our listings appear as
words within braces: {DOWN}
means to press the cursor-down key;
{5 Spaces} means to press the space
bar five times.
To indicate that a key should be
shifted (hold down the Shift key while
pressing another key), the character is
underlined. For example, A means
hold down the Shift key and press A.
You may see strange characters on
your screen, but that’s to be expected.
If you find a number followed by an
underlined key enclosed in braces (for
example, {8 A}), type the key as many
times as indicated (in our example,
enter eight shifted A’s).
Ifa key is enclosed in special
brackets, & 9, hold down the Com-
modore key (at the lower left corner of
the keyboard) and press the indicated
character.
Rarely, you'll see a single letter of
can be entered on the Commodore 64
by pressing the Ctrl key while typing
the letter in braces. For example, {A}
means to press Ctrl-A.
The Quote Mode
Although you can move the cursor
around the screen with the Crsr keys,
often a programmer will want to
move the cursor under program con-
trol. This is seen in examples such as
{LEFT} and {HOME} in the program
listings. The only way the computer
can tell the difference between direct
and programmed cursor control is the
quote mode.
Once you press the quote key,
you're in quote mode. This mode can
be confusing if you mistype a charac-
ter and cursor left to change it. You'll
see a graphics symbol for cursor left.
In this case, you can use the Del key
to back up and edit the line. Type an-
other quotation mark and you're out
of quote mode. If things really get con-
fusing, you can exit quote mode sim-
ply by pressing Return. Then cursor
up to the mistyped line and fix it. If
the mistake involves cursor move-
ment, however, you must press the
the program and look for the error. the alphabet enclosed in braces. This quote key toreenter quotemode. O
When You Read: Press: See: | When You Read: Press: See: | When You Read: Press: See:
(CLR} SHIFT | | CLR/HOME i {PUR} CTRL [Esl Ee bs
{HOME} [CLRIHOME | RI | (crn) cra] [_¢_] t
{UP} [sHirt|[f cRsR | | {BLU} el & =
(DOWN) Lherse 4) eeu | For Commodore 64 Only
{LEFT} {Fi} L«] ea Rig commopore|| 1] Fy
{RIGHT} i | (F2} [sur] [a] | E23 ComMoporE] | 2 | [i
{RVS} ie {B} | & R39 COMMODORE] | 3 Ba
(OFF) ae [sur] 8 _] gg commopore] | 4 | fir |
{BLK} crt |{ 1 ao Ls] BB) esa commopore]|s | fxs
{WHT} crrt | [2 fa |i *) [swt] (6 ] ae commopore] | «| fj]
{RED} cret|{ 3 {EZ} Le] Wi e73 commopore||7 | [J
{CYN} CTRL || 4 E|'* [sur] [7] Miesa COMMODORE] |s | =m
aa ole
G40 COMPUTE ocTtosB
ER 1990
Live Music
Archive
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